Novel quaternized polysulfone/ZrO2 composite membranes for solid alkaline fuel cell applications

Vinodh, Rajangam; Purushothaman, M.; Dharmalingam, Sangeetha

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.03.056

Cited by 133 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…20,21 In turn, graphene oxide (GO) is also an attractive nanofiller for these applications because of its large surface area, hydrophilic nature, electronic insulation properties, and mechanical stability due to its excellent tensile modulus. 22,23 Furthermore, due to the significant amount of oxygen-containing groups present at the GO surface, this material can be easily functionalized with strong proton (or hydroxyl) exchange groups, using covalent or non-covalent bonding.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[19][20][21] Previous reports indicate that inclusion of functionalized nanofillers into an AEM leads to an improvement in its ionic conductivity, mechanical stability and selectivity, which ultimately has a positive impact on the performance of AEMFCs. 20,21 In turn, graphene oxide (GO) is also an attractive nanofiller for these applications because of its large surface area, hydrophilic nature, electronic insulation properties, and mechanical stability due to its excellent tensile modulus. 22,23 Furthermore, due to the significant amount of oxygen-containing groups present at the GO surface, this material can be easily functionalized with strong proton (or hydroxyl) exchange groups, using covalent or non-covalent bonding.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Graphene Oxide–Polymer Nanocomposite Anion-Exchange Membranes

Movil

Frank

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Functionalized graphene oxide (FGO) was incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol/ poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) semiinterpenetrating polymer networks (PVA/PDA SIPNs) in order to create novel nanocomposite anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) with improved OH − conductivity and good thermo-mechanical stability at high relative humidity. The nanocomposites were fabricated by a solvent-casting method and subsequently thermally crosslinked to improve their mechanical stability in the hydrated state. The effects of PVA/PDDA ratio, cross-linking method, cross-linking temperature, and FGO content were studied in order to determine the optimal conditions to fabricate AEMs with improved material properties. The membranes were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, FE-SEM, and impedance spectroscopy to assess the material properties of FGO and the nanocomposite membranes. The membranes were also evaluated as polymer electrolytes in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. The results reveal that the membrane fabricated at a PVA/PDDA weight ratio of 70/30 and 20 wt% FGO possesses the highest value of OH − conductivity (12.1 mS cm −1 @ 30 • C and 21 mS cm −1 @ 80 • C), as well as improved thermo-mechanical stability at 100% R.H. However, the fuel cell performance reaches a maximum using the membrane fabricated at 10 wt% FGO. Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have attracted considerable attention during the last few years due to some advantages that these kinds of systems offer compared to proton exchange membranes fuel cells (PEMFCs).1,2 For example, thanks to the facile kinetics for electrochemical charge transfer in alkaline environments, it is possible to use less expensive catalysts like nickel and silver in AEM-based fuel cells. 3 In terms of the fuel management, it is also possible to use concentrated fuels to operate these devices, because of the often reduced fuel crossover in AEMs. 4 Unfortunately, AEMFCs have some issues, specifically related to the polyelectrolyte performance. In general, AEMs have lower ionic conductivity than PEMs, mostly due to the fact that conductivity of OH − is intrinsically lower than H + . 5 Another concern with the use of AEMs is the degradation of their cationic groups in strong alkaline media. 6 In addition, AEMs usually exhibit poor solubility in low boiling point and inexpensive solvents, leading to less environmentallyfriendly fabrication processes with high costs and high degree of complexity. 7In order to overcome these limitations, a wide variety of membranes have been proposed during the last few decades as AEMs, including homopolymers, heterogeneous membranes and semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs). [8][9][10][11] Among the various options available, SIPNs have gained relevance due to ease of fabrication, acceptable ionic conductivities, and excellent mechanical properties.12-14 More specifically, poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PVA/PDDA) SIPNs are promising membranes for applications in electrochemical energy systems mainly because PVA is ...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Graphene Oxide–Polymer Nanocomposite Anion-Exchange Membranes

Movil

Frank

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…SPEEK composite membrane. This kind of observation disclosed the amorphous nature of the membrane with uniform distribution of inorganic fillers in the membrane surface which in turn was useful for the enhancement of ionic conductivity [34,35]. However, beyond 7.5 wt% of IER, crystalline nature of the polymer increased due to the decreased polymeric chain mobility [31], which was inferred from the Fig.…”

Section: Xrdmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The increase in the amorphous nature of the polymer composite membranes (Fig. 3) showed uniform mixing of nano fillers with that of polymer matrix, which helped for the improved ionic conductivity [34,35]. However, 10 wt% of IER composite membrane showed lesser performance which was due to the increased oxygen cross over and decreased proton conductivity of the membranes.…”

Section: Mfc Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

Development of cation exchange resin-polymer electrolyte membranes for microbial fuel cell application

Venkatesan

Dharmalingam

2015

J Mater Sci

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A new class of composite membranes was made based on sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) incorporated with micron-sized sulfonate styrene-crosslinked divinyl benzene-based cation exchange resin particles as fillers with desired properties of higher ion exchange capacity, lower oxygen crossover, lesser mono, and divalent alkali cation transport for microbial fuel cell (MFC) applications. Such cation exchange resin-based composite membranes showed good membrane homogeneity as revealed from SEM images. XRD patterns showed better amorphous nature for the composite membranes with increase in resin loading. FT-IR spectra of composite membranes showed the presence of hydrogen bonding between the sulfonated PEEK and resin. The effects of existence of hydrogen bonding in the properties of membranes such as water uptake, transport of cations other than proton, oxygen crossover, and proton conductivity were discussed. The composite membranes showed one order lesser oxygen mass transfer coefficient (K o ) in the range of 10 -6 cm/s when compared to Nafion membranes. The composite membranes were tested in a single chamber Pt/C-coated air cathode MFC with Escherichia coli as anodic microbial inoculum. With resin, the SPEEK composite membranes showed higher power density value of 410 mW/m 2 for 7.5 % IER ? SPEEK composite membrane compared to that of Nafion (47 mW/m 2 ) and SPEEK (77 mW/m 2 ) membranes with same configuration.

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“…There have been many methods for introducing the inorganic particles into organic network to achieve composite membranes, such as blending [26], sol-gel method [27][28][29] and in situ polymerization [30]. The composite membranes, organic components and inorganic components could well combine with each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinked hydroxyl‐conductive copolymer/silica composite membranes based on addition‐type polynorbornene for alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell applications

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Crosslinked hydroxyl-conductive copolymer/silica composite membranes based on addition-type polynorbornene, poly(dodoxymethylene norbornene-co-norbornene-3-(trimethylpropyl ammonium)-functionalized silica (QP(DNB/ NB-SiO 2 ), were prepared by a sol-gel method. Copolymer composite membranes with different degree of quaternary ammonium functional silica, designated as QP(DNB/NBSiO 2 -X) (X 5 5, 10, 15 and 25 wt%, respectively), displayed good dimensional stabilities with low in-plane swelling rate of 1.32-3.7%, good mechanical properties with high elastic modulus of 605.4-756.8 MPa and high tensile strength of 13.2-20 Mpa. The achieved copolymer composite membranes could self-assemble into a microphase-separated morphology with randomly oriented long-range aliphatic chain/cylinder ionic channels that were imbedded in the hydrophobic PNB matrix. Among these membranes, the QP(DNB/NB-SiO 2 -25) showed the parameter with ionic conductivity of 9.33 3 10 23 S cm 21 , methanol permeability of 2.89 3 10 27 cm 2 s 21 , and ion-exchange capacity(IEC) of 1.19 3 10 23 mol g 21 . A current density of 82.3mA cm 22 , the open circuit voltage of 0.65 V and a peek power density of 32 mW cm 22 were obtained. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:13-21, 2018.

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Novel quaternized polysulfone/ZrO2 composite membranes for solid alkaline fuel cell applications

Cited by 133 publications

References 43 publications

Graphene Oxide–Polymer Nanocomposite Anion-Exchange Membranes

Graphene Oxide–Polymer Nanocomposite Anion-Exchange Membranes

Development of cation exchange resin-polymer electrolyte membranes for microbial fuel cell application

Crosslinked hydroxyl‐conductive copolymer/silica composite membranes based on addition‐type polynorbornene for alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell applications

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