Novel quantum NMR magnetometer non-contact defectoscopy and monitoring technique for the safe exploitation of gas pipelines

Abstract

Pipeline transportation has already proved to be a high-performance tool of resources transportation for the efficient functioning of modern society. However, an aggressive environment, the modernization of existing pipelines and the building of new pipelines pose a number of problems to be solved for secure exploitation. Such problems include mapping, systems certification, technical inspection and monitoring. Recently much attention has being paid to the effective solution of these problems, with no interference into the functioning of the existing systems (non-contact methods), and the magnetometric technique is one such method. The method presented in this paper is based on the interpretation of the absolute value of the magnetic field of an object, which allows us to carry out measurements more accurately compared to other approaches. This paper presents the preliminary results of the usage of high-precision absolute quantum Overhauser "POS" (proton Overhauser sensor) magnetometers in the oil-and-gas field. The field work conducted in the summer of 2013 showed that this equipment has great potential for safe exploitation of oil-and-gas pipelines. The efficiency of the geophysical equipment for gas pipelines of a large diameter (1400 mm) was also confirmed under actual operating conditions.

Weak Magnetic Internal Signal Characteristics of Pipe Welds under Internal Pressure

“…It has great application prospects in internal stress detection of pipelines [ 16 ]. This technology has been widely used to detect pipeline defects [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Under internal pressure and external loading of oil and gas pipelines, abnormal stress distribution may occur at the microcracks of welded pipelines.…”

Application of Weld Scar Recognition in Small-Diameter Transportation Pipeline Positioning System

“…Data and mathematical models are utilized in the detection of underground pipelines [2,3]. Many devices are also employed in trenchless detection, including ground penetrating radar [4], ultrasonic [5,6], Raman distributed fiber sensor [7], and magnetometer [8]. These sensors are affected by pipe material, buried depth, edaphic condition, and fluid type etc.…”

Miniature quad-channel spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer for magnetoencephalography

“…Precision measurement of weak magnetic fields has many important applications. [1] Different types of magnetometers, such as the fluxgate magnetometer, optically pumped magnetometer (OPM), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), are widely used in geophysical mineral and oil exploration, [2,3] underwater ordinance detection, [4,5] nuclear magnetic resonance, [6,7] and biomagnetism. [8,9] Magnetocardiography (MCG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are two important biological applications which have attracted significant research and clinical effort in the past two decades.…”