Novel Potential Reservoirs for Borrelia sp. and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Colorado

DeNatale, Christopher E.; Schneider, Bradley S.; Zeidner, Nordin S.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-38.2.478

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, the maintenance of those involved in non-ruminant disease is believed to be dependent on tick-rodent cycles (Massung et al, 2003), with humans and possibly domestic animals being involved as incidental "dead-end" hosts. In the US Peromyscus leucopus and Neotoma fuscipes are competent reservoirs in Eastern and Western regions, respectively (Telford et al, 1996;Castro et al, 2001;Foley et al, 2002 (Walls et al, 1997;Nicholson et al, 1999;Zeidner et al, 2000;DeNatale et al, 2002;Lane et al, 2005), Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicollis, A. sylvaticus, Myodes (formerly Cletrionomys) glareolus, Microtus agrestis, M. oeconomus and Rattus rattus in Europe (Liz et al, 2000;Bown et al, 2003Bown et al, , 2006Christova & Gladnishka, 2005;Grzesczuk et al, 2006), and Apodemus agrarius, A. peninsulae and Tamias sibiricus in Asia (Cao et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Detection of Antibodies AgainstAnaplasma phagocytophilumin Algerian Mice (Mus spretus), Portugal

Santos

Amaro²,

Santos-Silva³

et al. 2009

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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The recent detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Portugal stimulated further research on the agent's enzootic cycle, which usually involves rodents. Thus a total 322 rodents belonging to five species, including 30 Apodemus sylvaticus (wood mouse), 65 Mus musculus (house mouse), 194 M. spretus (algerian mouse), 5 Rattus norvegicus (brown rat) and 28 R. rattus (black rat), were studied by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for A. phagocytophilum exposure in four sampling areas of mainland and two areas of Madeira Island, Portugal. Overall, 3.6% (7/194) of M. spretus presented with IFA-positive results. Seropositive mice were detected in all three mainland sampling areas where this species was captured, with prevalence of 5.2% (5/96) and 5.0% (1/20) for the Ixodes-areas of Arrábida and Mafra, and 1.3% (1/78) for Mértola, a difference that was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The majority of IFA-positive mice were detected in spring when considering either Arrábida alone (p = 0.026) or all M. spretus sampling areas together (p = 0.021), although the significance of this association was not evident after Bonferroni correction. Nevertheless, neither the seropositive M. spretus, nor additional samples of 10% seronegative rodents from mainland, and 16% of rodents collected in Madeira Island showed evidence of A. phagocytophilum active infections when spleen and/or lung samples were tested by PCR. Either the M. spretus results represents residual antibodies from past A. phagocytophilum infections, present infections with limited bacteremia, or cross-reactions with closely related agents deserves more investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Detection of Antibodies AgainstAnaplasma phagocytophilumin Algerian Mice (Mus spretus), Portugal

Santos

Amaro²,

Santos-Silva³

et al. 2009

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…burgdorferi sensu stricto and B . bissettiae in Siskiyou chipmunks, [ 23 ] as well as in chipmunks in Colorado [ 48 ]. In contrast to California where sciurids are reservoirs of both A .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in California chipmunks (Tamias spp.)

et al. 2017

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California, with 13 chipmunk (Tamias) species, has more than any other state or country, occupying habitats ranging from chaparral to the high peaks of the Sierra Nevada. Chipmunks host zoonotic pathogens including Yersinia pestis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, relapsing fever (RF) Borrelia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, and spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia species. Chipmunk species are often not differentiated by public health workers, yet different species utilize different ecological niches and may have intrinsically different capacities for maintaining vector-borne pathogens and infecting vectors. We surveyed over 700 individuals from nine species of chipmunks throughout California for exposure to and infection by Y. pestis, A. phagocytophilum, RF Borrelia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, and SFG Rickettsia species. DNA of all five pathogens was found and all chipmunks except Merriam’s chipmunk (T. merriami) were PCR-positive for at least one of the pathogens. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was most common (40.0%, 2/5) in Sonoma chipmunks (T. sonomae) from Marin county and B. burgdorferi most common (37.5%, 27/72) in redwood chipmunks (T. ochrogenys) from Mendocino county. RF Borrelia spp. was detected in 2% (6/297) of redwood chipmunks in Mendocino county and 10% (1/10) of both least (T. minimus) and lodgepole (T. speciosus) chipmunks in the western Sierra. Exposure to SFG Rickettsia spp. was found in the Northern Coastal region (Del Norte, Humboldt and Mendocino counties) and in the northern and western Sierra in several species of chipmunks. Y. pestis infection was found only in the western Sierra—in a yellow-pine (T. amoenus) and a long-eared (T. quadrimaculatus) chipmunk. Though more data are needed to thoroughly understand the roles that different chipmunk species play in disease transmission, our findings suggest that some chipmunk species may be more important to the maintenance of vector-borne diseases than others within each geographic area.

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“…In Colorado, T. umbrinus is culture positive (20%) for the spirochete Borrelia bissettii, but is not positive for the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, a zoonotic tickborne infectious disease (DeNatale et al 2002). The etiological agent of Colorado tick fever (a small RNA virus of the genus Orbivirus; family Reoviridae) has an isolation rate of 12.1% (12.1 isolations/100 captures) in T. umbrinus (Cary et al 1980).…”

Section: Ecologymentioning

confidence: 98%

Tamias umbrinus (Rodentia: Sciuridae)

2011

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Novel Potential Reservoirs for Borrelia sp. and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Colorado

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Detection of Antibodies AgainstAnaplasma phagocytophilumin Algerian Mice (Mus spretus), Portugal

Detection of Antibodies AgainstAnaplasma phagocytophilumin Algerian Mice (Mus spretus), Portugal

Distribution and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in California chipmunks (Tamias spp.)

Tamias umbrinus (Rodentia: Sciuridae)

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