Novel polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites containing carbon nano-tubes with Fe3O4 pendants for alkaline fuel cell applications

Lo, Chieh-Fang; Wu, Jung-Fen; Li, Hsieh-Yu; Hung, Wei‐Song; Shih, Chao‐Ming; Hu, Chien‐Chieh; Liu, Ying‐Ling; Lue, Shingjiang Jessie

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.001

Cited by 53 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The P max values increased to 250 mW cm −2 and 272 mW cm −2 for the 2 M and 4 M methanol feeds, respectively. The ability to operate at 4 M methanol is advantageous, as other membranes are optimal for 1 M or 2 M methanol feed [20,73]. The results confirm that our developed QPVA/CTAB-coated LaFeO 3 membrane has good methanol barrier properties and integral structure.…”

Section: Direct Alkaline Methanol Fuel Cell Performancesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Moreover, we used low catalyst loadings in the anode (2 mg cm −1 ) and cathode (1 mg cm −1 ), which provided the advantage of low-cost DAMFC manufacturing. To our best knowledge, this Pmax output is the highest value of DAMFCs recorded [7,8,[17][18][19][20][21]23,24,63,[74][75][76]. Based on the above tests, the optimal operating condition was fed with 4 M of methanol solution, cell temperature of 60 • C, and the use of the QPVA/CTAB-coated LaFeO 3 composite electrolyte.…”

Section: Direct Alkaline Methanol Fuel Cell Performancementioning

confidence: 94%

“…This result illustrates that the polymeric amorphous state was 69.2% for the QPVA/annealed LaFeO3 membrane and 73.55% with the QPVA/CTAB-coated LaFeO3 nanocomposite. Increasing the amorphous region could improve the ionic conductivity and cell performance of DAMFCs [20,56]. Figure 4c shows the TGA curves of the QPVA, QPVA/CTAB-coated LaFeO3, and QPVA/annealed LaFeO3 nanocomposite membranes.…”

Section: Nanocomposite Membrane Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nanofiller presence decreased crystallinity of the nanocomposite membrane and increased fractional free volume (physical factor) to facilitate the transfer of hydroxyl ions [6,22,23,58,63]. Lo et al employed a PVA/Fe 3 O 4 -CNT nanocomposite membrane and found a decrease in polymer crystallinity and improved ionic conductivity of membrane electrolytes and cell performance of alkaline fuel cells [20]. Similarly, Li et al and Lioa et al have demonstrated that QPVA/chitosan and QPVA/Q-chitosan composite membranes showed increased ionic conductivity, thereby improving methanol fuel cell performance [17,59].…”

Section: Direct Alkaline Methanol Fuel Cell Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incorporating organic/inorganic nanofillers (e.g., chitosan, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , and Fe 3 O 4 ) into a PVA-based matrix has been shown to enhance chemical stability, physicochemical, and electrochemical properties for DAMFC applications [17,[19][20][21][22]. These nanocomposite membranes deliver noteworthy advantages over traditional pure polymeric membranes due to their higher ionic conductivity, suppressed permeability, and improved power densities [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surfactant-Assisted Perovskite Nanofillers Incorporated in Quaternized Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Membrane as an Effective Hydroxide-Conducting Electrolyte

Kumar

et al. 2017

Energies

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Perovskite LaFeO 3 nanofillers (0.1%) are incorporated into a quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol) (QPVA) matrix for use as hydroxide-conducting membranes in direct alkaline methanol fuel cells (DAMFCs). The as-synthesized LaFeO 3 nanofillers are amorphous and functionalized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. The annealed LaFeO 3 nanofillers are crystalline without CTAB. The QPVA/CTAB-coated LaFeO 3 composite membrane shows a defect-free structure while the QPVA/annealed LaFeO 3 film has voids at the interfaces between the soft polymer and rigid nanofillers. The QPVA/CTAB-coated LaFeO 3 composite has lower methanol permeability and higher ionic conductivity than the pure QPVA and QPVA/annealed LaFeO 3 films. We suggest that the CTAB-coated LaFeO 3 provides three functions to the polymeric composite: increasing polymer free volume, ammonium group contributor, and plasticizer to enhance the interfacial compatibility. The composite containing CTAB-coated LaFeO 3 results in superior cell performance. A maximum power density of 272 mW cm −2 is achieved, which is among the highest power outputs reported for DAMFCs in the literature.

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Section: Direct Alkaline Methanol Fuel Cell Performancesupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Direct Alkaline Methanol Fuel Cell Performancementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Nanocomposite Membrane Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Direct Alkaline Methanol Fuel Cell Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Surfactant-Assisted Perovskite Nanofillers Incorporated in Quaternized Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Membrane as an Effective Hydroxide-Conducting Electrolyte

Kumar

et al. 2017

Energies

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New composite membrane poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide for direct ethanol–proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Zakaria

Kamarudin

Timmiati

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study investigated a simple synthesis of a crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol)/ graphene oxide composite membrane with lower ethanol permeability membrane for passive direct ethanol-proton exchange membrane fuel cells (DE-PEMFCs). The chemical and physical structure, morphologies, ethanol uptake and permeability, ion exchange capacities, water uptake, and proton conductivities were determined and found that transport properties of the membrane were affected by the GO loading. The composite membrane with optimum GO content (15 wt %) exhibited the highest proton conductivity of 9.5 × 10 −3 Scm −1 at 30 C, 3.24 × 10 −2 Scm −1 at 60 C, respectively and reduced ethanol permeability until 1.75 × 10 −7 cm 2 s −1 . In the passive DE-PEMFC, the power density at 60 C were obtained as 5.84 mW cm −2 higher than those by commercial Nafion 117 is 4.52 mW cm −2 .

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Enhanced alkaline stability and performance of alkali‐doped quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes for passive direct ethanol fuel cell

2019

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Summary Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) emerge as the new research energy field since fast production of electricity, high efficiency conversion, and simple fabrication process. The production cost, conductivity properties, and ethanol permeability of membrane were the main problem that limited the DEFC performance and commercialization. In this study, a low cost, good ionic conductivity and low ethanol permeability of an anion exchange membrane based on incorporation KOH‐doped quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol) (QPVA) membrane (designed as QPVA/KOH) is synthesized and cross‐linked with glutaraldehyde solution. The membrane is expected to cut the production cost and enhance the performance. In this work, an optimum of alkali‐doped concentration has influence the membrane performance. The membrane has reveal high chemical stability even doped with 8‐M KOH solution in 100°C. The morphology of membranes remained unbreakable and achieved high range of ionic conductivity (~10−2 S cm−1). The membranes present maximum ionic conductivity 1.29 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 30°C and 3.07 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 70°C. The ethanol permeability of membrane is lower compared with the commercial membranes. Power density of alkaline DEFCs with platinum‐based catalyst by using cross‐linked QPVA/KOH membrane is 5.88 mW cm−2, which is higher than commercial membranes at 30°C temperature. At 70°C, power density has increased up to 11.28 mW cm−2 and significantly increased up to 22.82 mW cm−2 via the nonplatinum‐based catalyst. Moreover, according to the durability test, the performance of passive alkaline DEFC by using cross‐linked QPVA/KOH membrane has maintained at 36.2% level. With such efficiency, the stack current density has been able to stay above 120 mA cm−2 for over 1000 hours, at 70°C.

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Novel polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites containing carbon nano-tubes with Fe3O4 pendants for alkaline fuel cell applications

Cited by 53 publications

References 50 publications

Surfactant-Assisted Perovskite Nanofillers Incorporated in Quaternized Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Membrane as an Effective Hydroxide-Conducting Electrolyte

Surfactant-Assisted Perovskite Nanofillers Incorporated in Quaternized Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Membrane as an Effective Hydroxide-Conducting Electrolyte

New composite membrane poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide for direct ethanol–proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Enhanced alkaline stability and performance of alkali‐doped quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes for passive direct ethanol fuel cell

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