Novel Polymer Nanocomposite Ablative Technologies for Thermal Protection of Propulsion and Reentry Systems for Space Applications

Koo, Joseph H.; Mensah, Thomas O.

doi:10.1002/9781119371762.ch6

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Since then, the ablation mechanisms of elastomeric rocket motor thermal insulators have been established. Research in this field has increased significantly, and several excellent reviews have been published in recent years [7,[9][10][11][12] from leading countries such as China, India, Iran, Italy, Russia, and the United States. South American countries have also contributed to the development of materials in the field of rocket science [4,5,[13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Polymeric Insulators For Solid Propellant Rocket Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important material properties required for ablative resistance are low density, low thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance, formation of a stable char, and high char shear strength [9,20,21] and also good erosion performance [22]. Thermal insulation must also bond to propellant and casing and inhibit propellant grain surfaces.…”

Section: Polymeric Insulators For Solid Propellant Rocket Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Main types of elastomeric heat shielding materials (EHSMs) were classified into three different main categories: ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), nitrile rubber based, and silicone based, as reviewed by leading authors in the field [7,9,10]. However, PU EHSM could be included in this classification, emerging as an alternative in the field of EHSM.…”

Section: Main Types Of Elastomeric Heat Shielding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combustion produces gases that are expanded through a nozzle to generate thrust. EPDM/aramidic ablatives were reported as the state of the art in ablatives [9,12,32]. Sureshkumar et al [33] have pointed out the excellent potential of EPDM as insulator regarding its ageing resistance, low-temperature flexibility, low erosion rate, and low specific gravity.…”

Section: Epdm-based and Nitrile-based Heat Shielding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NBR often presents problematic processability, limited shelf life, high density (1-1.3 g/cm 3 ), and poor high temperature properties. Nevertheless, the nitrile rubber is still used as an insulation liner for solid rocket motors (SRMs) [9], although not to the extent of the EPDM-based EHSM, according to the number of studies published. In some cases, NBR have displayed better than EPDM insulators: vulcanizates based on nitrile rubber with melamine fiber resulted in 15-20% lower thermal erosion rates than EPDM ones [39].…”

Section: Epdm-based and Nitrile-based Heat Shielding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review

et al. 2020

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This review addresses a comparison, based on the literature, among nitrile rubber (NBR), ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer rubber (EPDM), and polyurethane (PU) elastomeric heat shielding materials (EHSM). Currently, these are utilized for the insulation of rocket engines to prevent catastrophic breakdown if combustion gases from propellant reaches the motor case. The objective of this review is to evaluate the performance of PU–EHSM, NBR–EHSM, and EPDM–EHSM as insulators, the latter being the current state of the art in solid rocket motor (SRM) internal insulation. From our review, PU–EHSM emerged as an alternative to EPDM–EHSM because of their easier processability and compatibility with composite propellant. With the appropriate reinforcement and concentration in the rubber, they could replace EPDM in certain applications such as rocket motors filled with composite propellant. A critical assessment and future trends are included. Rubber composites novelties as EHSM employs specialty fillers, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS), nanofibers, nanoparticles, and high-performance engineering polymers such as polyetherimide and polyphosphazenes.

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Section: Polymeric Insulators For Solid Propellant Rocket Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polymeric Insulators For Solid Propellant Rocket Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Types Of Elastomeric Heat Shielding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epdm-based and Nitrile-based Heat Shielding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epdm-based and Nitrile-based Heat Shielding Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review

et al. 2020

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Study of Elastomeric Heat Shielding Materials for Solid Rocket Motor Insulation

Mosa

Kotb

Fouda

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Thermal insulation of solid rocket motor casing is necessary to overcome the catastrophic breakdown during the rocket propellant combustion. In our study, a comprehensive review on different types elastomeric heat shielding materials (EHSMs) such as polyurethane, silicon rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and nitrile rubber was conducted. Various types of fillers are added to the EHSMs to enhance their thermal, mechanical and ablative performances. The charring phenomenon, which offers a means of protection to the virgin polymer layer from direct flame, as well as the synergetic effect, that may occur between fillers and polymer matrices, were studied. All different methods and machines used for manufacturing EHSMs are described in detail. Moreover, the different techniques used to characterize the EHSMs are discussed. Last but not least, the empirical models that relate the thermal insulation performance to the filler concentration are presented.

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Novel Polymer Nanocomposite Ablative Technologies for Thermal Protection of Propulsion and Reentry Systems for Space Applications

Cited by 2 publications

References 51 publications

Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review

Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review

Study of Elastomeric Heat Shielding Materials for Solid Rocket Motor Insulation

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