Novel pH-Sensitive Microbial Rhodopsin from Sphingomonas paucimobilis

Patterns of Gene Content and Co-occurrence Constrain the Evolutionary Path toward Animal Association in Candidate Phyla Radiation Bacteria

“…Further analysis indicated that these sequences fall within the bacterial/archaeal type 1 rhodopsin clade and contain both the retinal-binding lysine associated with light sensitivity and a DTS motif (see Fig. S3 at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4560554 ), suggesting that they may function as proton pumps ( 90 , 91 ). Distinct rhodopsin sequences were also recovered in the genomes of environmental Absconditabacteria (NDQ motif) and Gracilibacteria (DTE motif), although they were not statistically enriched (see Fig.…”

Biophysical characterization of microbial rhodopsins with DSE motif

“…The residues at these positions play critical roles in other types of microbial rhodopsins. Furthermore, there is a substantial correlation between the function and motif types especially in ion-pumping rhodopsins [2,16]: e.g., DTD/DTE/DTK/DTG/DTS: outward H + pump [10,[17][18][19], TSA/TSD/TTD/NTQ: inward Cl − pump [20][21][22][23], NDQ: outward H + pump [5], FSD/FSE: inward H + pump, etc. Interestingly, xenorhodopsins (XeR), a group of inward H +pumping rhodopsins [24], show diversified motifs (DSX/DTX where X is A, I, L, M S, or T).…”

Structural characterization of proton-pumping rhodopsin lacking a cytoplasmic proton donor residue by X-ray crystallography

“…S1) (3,6). Another outward H + pumping rhodopsin, SpaR, is phylogenetically very close to DTG rhodopsin but has a serine residue at the position homologous to BR Asp96 (DTS motif) (28). Therefore, we refer to these rhodopsins without a cytoplasmic donor as "DTG/DTS rhodopsin".…”