“…Besides, fluorinated surfactants usually have high thermal and chemical stability [1][2][3]. They are usually composed of a perfluorinated chain and a hydrophilic group [4][5][6]. The most known fluorinated surfactants are PFOA (C 7 F 15 CO 2 H), APFO (ammonium perfluorooctanoate) and PFOS (C 8 F 17 SO 3 X, with X = K, Na, H).…”