Novel peptidoglycans in Caulobacter and Asticcacaulis spp

Poindexter, Jeanne S.; Hagenzieker, J G

doi:10.1128/jb.150.1.332-347.1982

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Sacculi from cells in early stages of the cell cycle were uniformly labelled with D-Cys [ Fig. 1B; note that C. crescentus sacculi typically contained granules of polyb-hydroxybutyrate, a storage polymer, which appeared as dark inclusions in EM images (Poindexter and Hagenzieker, 1982)]. During the course of the chase, a significant amount of D-Cys clearing appeared at the centre of the sacculi (Fig.…”

Section: Caulobacter Crescentus Pg Sacculus Elongates From a Central mentioning

confidence: 99%

The tubulin homologue FtsZ contributes to cell elongation by guiding cell wall precursor synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus

Aaron

Charbon

Lam

et al. 2007

Molecular Microbiology

209

278

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SummaryThe tubulin homologue FtsZ is well known for its essential function in bacterial cell division. Here, we show that in Caulobacter crescentus, FtsZ also plays a major role in cell elongation by spatially regulating the location of MurG, which produces the essential lipid II peptidoglycan cell wall precursor. The early assembly of FtsZ into a highly mobile ring-like structure during cell elongation is quickly followed by the recruitment of MurG and a major redirection of peptidoglycan precursor synthesis to the midcell region. These FtsZ-dependent events occur well before cell constriction and contribute to cell elongation. In the absence of FtsZ, MurG fails to accumulate near midcell and cell elongation proceeds unperturbed in appearance by insertion of peptidoglycan material along the entire sidewalls. Evidence suggests that bacteria use both a FtsZ-independent and a FtsZdependent mode of peptidoglycan synthesis to elongate, the importance of each mode depending on the timing of FtsZ assembly during elongation.

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Section: Caulobacter Crescentus Pg Sacculus Elongates From a Central mentioning

confidence: 99%

The tubulin homologue FtsZ contributes to cell elongation by guiding cell wall precursor synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus

Aaron

Charbon

Lam

et al. 2007

Molecular Microbiology

209

278

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“…This analysis showed that there were no noticeable differences in the degree of cross-linking or relative abundance of each particular muropeptide species among wild-type, crescentin-null (DcreS and creSHTn5) and crescentin-overproducing strains ( Figure 3D), strongly arguing that curvature is not a product of alterations in peptidoglycan structure. Although this method cannot rule out a structural difference between inner and outer curvature sides that precisely cancels out, it is highly unlikely that the crescentin structure, located at the inner curvature only, (Poindexter and Hagenzieker, 1982), the isolated sacculi contained polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) granules (arrow). Bar, 1 mm.…”

Section: Crescentin Creates a Gradient Of Peptidoglycan Insertion Ratmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial cell curvature through mechanical control of cell growth

Cabeen

Charbon

Vollmer

et al. 2009

EMBO J

149

248

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The cytoskeleton is a key regulator of cell morphogenesis. Crescentin, a bacterial intermediate filament-like protein, is required for the curved shape of Caulobacter crescentus and localizes to the inner cell curvature. Here, we show that crescentin forms a single filamentous structure that collapses into a helix when detached from the cell membrane, suggesting that it is normally maintained in a stretched configuration. Crescentin causes an elongation rate gradient around the circumference of the sidewall, creating a longitudinal cell length differential and hence curvature. Such curvature can be produced by physical force alone when cells are grown in circular microchambers. Production of crescentin in Escherichia coli is sufficient to generate cell curvature. Our data argue for a model in which physical strain borne by the crescentin structure anisotropically alters the kinetics of cell wall insertion to produce curved growth. Our study suggests that bacteria may use the cytoskeleton for mechanical control of growth to alter morphology.

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“…As FtsZ was found to be required for the cell cycle-regulated burst of polar peptidoglycan synthesis, it may also have a role in stalk biogenesis. C. crescentus stalks contain cross-bands that traverse the width of the stalk (Poindexter and Hagenzieker, 1982) (Fig. 5A and B).…”

Section: Morphogenesis Of the Stalk Requires Two Different Cytoskeletmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cell shape proteins MreB and MreC control cell morphogenesis by positioning cell wall synthetic complexes

Divakaruni¹,

Baida²,

White³

et al. 2007

Molecular Microbiology

149

187

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SummaryMreB, the bacterial actin homologue, is thought to function in spatially co-ordinating cell morphogenesis in conjunction with MreC, a protein that wraps around the outside of the cell within the periplasmic space. In Caulobacter crescentus, MreC physically associates with penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which catalyse the insertion of intracellularly synthesized precursors into the peptidoglycan cell wall. Here we show that MreC is required for the spatial organization of components of the peptidoglycansynthesizing holoenzyme in the periplasm and MreB directs the localization of a peptidoglycan precursor synthesis protein in the cytosol. Additionally, fluorescent vancomycin (Van-FL) labelling revealed that the bacterial cytoskeletal proteins MreB and FtsZ, as well as MreC and RodA, were required for peptidoglycan synthetic activity. MreB and FtsZ were found to be required for morphogenesis of the polar stalk. FtsZ was required for a cell cycle-regulated burst of peptidoglycan synthesis early in the cell cycle resulting in the synthesis of cross-band structures, whereas MreB was required for lengthening of the stalk. Thus, the bacterial cytoskeleton and cell shape-determining proteins such as MreC, function in concert to orchestrate the localization of cell wall synthetic complexes resulting in spatially co-ordinated and efficient peptidoglycan synthetic activity.

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Novel peptidoglycans in Caulobacter and Asticcacaulis spp

Cited by 31 publications

References 61 publications

The tubulin homologue FtsZ contributes to cell elongation by guiding cell wall precursor synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus

The tubulin homologue FtsZ contributes to cell elongation by guiding cell wall precursor synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus

Bacterial cell curvature through mechanical control of cell growth

The cell shape proteins MreB and MreC control cell morphogenesis by positioning cell wall synthetic complexes

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