Novel Pd(ii) pincer complexes bearing salicylaldimine-based benzothiazole derivatives: synthesis, structural characterization, DNA/BSA binding, and biological evaluation

Abstract

Pd(ii) pincer complexes as potential anticancer agents: the study of proposed mechanism of action.

Synthesis, Kinetics, Reaction Mechanism, and Bioactivity Assays of a Dimeric Palladium Complex

“…From this background, we have chosen Pd­(II) as the metal center and an aromatic ligand having an N,N donor center (2,2′-bipyridine) , as a building block considering the donor center of cis-DDP to explore its kinetic and mechanistic behavior for in vitro studies using three selected amino acids: glycine, l -arginine, and l -glutamic acids. In addition, such metal complexes interrelate noncovalently with DNA due to their planar aromatic rings, which have the potential of powerful anticancerous drugs. , The calf thymus (ctDNA) has been used primarily for DNA binding studies during the development of metallodrugs for chemotherapeutic applications using different metal-based complexes such as Pd, Cu, Zn, and Ru. , In vitro studies, such as evaluation of the linear Stern–Volmer quenching constant ( K sv ), ability to cleave plasmid DNA (pBR 322), and antimicrobial activity of the complex and ligand, are beneficial to understand the biological activity of the metal complex at a molecular level for indicating the interaction specificity with DNA …”

“…8,9 Moreover, Pd(II) complexes could attain rapid equilibrium in comparison to Pt(II) (10 5 times faster) 10,11 analogues which might be applied as a model complex for studying the mechanism of interaction of Pt-analogues with DNA. 12 From this background, we have chosen Pd(II) 13 as the metal center and an aromatic ligand having an N,N donor center (2,2′-bipyridine) 14,15 as a building block considering the donor center of cis-DDP to explore its kinetic and mechanistic behavior for in vitro studies using three selected amino acids: glycine, L-arginine, and L-glutamic acids. In addition, such metal complexes interrelate noncovalently with DNA due to their planar aromatic rings, which have the potential of powerful anticancerous drugs.…”

Unsymmetrical Pd(II) Pincer Complexes with Benzothiazole and Thiocarbamate Flanking Units: Expedient Solvent-Free Synthesis and Anticancer Potential

“…Curiously, transition metal pincer complexes bearing a benzothiazole unit (see, for example, compounds I-VIII in Figure 1) are largely explored for luminescence properties, electrochemical behavior, and catalytic activity in different reactions [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] but have rarely been tested for their biological effects (for selected reports, see Refs. [36][37][38]). To obtain the related palladium pincer complexes that could be interesting from the viewpoint of further bioactivity studies, we decided to combine a benzothiazole flanking unit with an S-donor group, namely, thiocarbamate moiety in a classical benzene-based pincer motif to provide a potentially hemilabile coordination of Pd(II) ions, which can lead to the desired balance between thermodynamic and kinetic stability in the biological medium [14].…”