Novel Osteoinductive Biomimetic Scaffolds Stimulate Human Osteoprogenitor Activity--Implications for Skeletal Repair

Abstract

The development of new bone formation strategies offers tremendous therapeutic implications in a variety of musculoskeletal diseases. One approach involves harnessing the regenerative capacity of osteoprogenitor bone cells in combination with biomimetic scaffolds generated from appropriate scaffold matrices and osteoinductive factors. The aims of our study were to test the efficacy of two innovative osteoinductive agents: the osteoblast stimulating factor-1 (osf-1), an extracellular matrix-associated protein, and osteoinductive extracts of Saos-2 cells on human osteoprogenitor cells. Saos-2 extracted osteoinductive factors significantly stimulated alkaline phosphatase specific activity in basal and osteogenic conditions. Osf-1 significantly stimulated chemotaxis, total colony formation, alkaline phosphatase-positive colony formation, and alkaline phosphatase specific activity at concentrations as low as 10 pg/ml compared with control cultures. Osteoinductive factors present in Saos-2 cell extracts and osf-1 promoted adhesion, migration, expansion, and differentiation of human osteoprogenitor cells on 3-D scaffolds. The successful generation of 3-D biomimetic structures incorporating osf-1 or osteoinductive factors from Saos-2 cells indicates their potential for de novo bone formation that exploits cell-matrix interactions.

Design and manufacture of microporous polymeric materials with hierarchal complex structure for biomedical application

“…Indeed, it has been demonstrated that fibril-like organisation and tubular architecture of highly oriented porosities may guide cell seeding, distribution, and the in vitro growing of new tissue allows mimicking the extracellular matrix of a large variety of tissues from morphological and functional point of view. [37][38][39]…”

Putting the fizz into chemistry: applications of supercritical carbon dioxide in tissue engineering, drug delivery and synthesis of novel block copolymers

“…Growth factor released from the scaffolds promoted adhesion, migration, expansion and differentiation of human osteoprogenitor cells on the scaffolds. Bone formation was observed due to the release of the osteoinductive protein BMP-2 from P DL LA scaffolds both in vitro and in vivo [30,31]. These scaffolds have also been used to study adenoviral gene transfer into primary human bone marrow osteoprogenitor cells [32,33].…”

Supercritical carbon dioxide: putting the fizz into biomaterials

“…Recent collaborative experiments demonstrate bone formation due to the release of the osteoinductive protein bone morphogenetic factor 2 (BMP-2) from P DL LA scaffold both in vitro and in vivo (Yang et al . 2001 a , Yang et al 2003a,2003b). These scaffolds have further been used to study adenoviral gene transfer into primary human bone marrow osteoprogenitor cells (Partridge et al 2002; Howard et al 2002).…”