Novel Organic Material Induced by Electron Beam Irradiation for Medical Application

Abstract

This study analyzed the effects of irradiation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) containing 40% of bronze using an electron beam with energy of 10 MeV. Dosages from 26 to156 kGy (2.6–15.6 Mrad) were used. The impact of a high-energy electron beam on the thermal, spectrophotometric, mechanical, and tribological properties was determined, and the results were compared with those obtained for pure PTFE. Thermal properties studies showed that such irradiation caused changes in melting temperature Tm and crystallization temperature Tc, an increase in crystallization heat ∆Hc, and a large increase in crystallinity χc proportional to the absorbed dose for both polymers. The addition of bronze decreased the degree of crystallinity of PTFE by twofold. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies confirmed that the main phenomenon associated with electron beam irradiation was the photodegradation of the polymer chains for both PTFE containing bronze and pure PTFE. This had a direct effect on the increase in the degree of crystallinity observed in DSC studies. The use of a bronze additive could lead to energy dissipation over the additive particles. An increase in hardness H and Young’s modulus E was also observed. The addition of bronze and the irradiation with an electron beam improved of the operational properties of PTFE.

Sustainable lubrication: low molecular weight PTFE micro-particles as extreme pressure additives for heavy duty grease applications

“…However, Dadbin et al (2010) studied the effect of irradiation on molecular weight of PTFE and reported that on increasing the dose form 100 kGy to 500 kGy, the molecular weight of PTFE reduces. Similar trends were also reported by Barylski et al (2020), Barylski et al (2020).…”

“…The 10 mg of irradiated or pre-sintered PTFE scrap were analysed under nitrogen atmosphere at a flow rate of 20 cm 3 /min and at a heating rate 10°C/min up to 380°C. The average molecular weight of PTFE was calculated by using Suwas’ equation as follows (Dadbin et al , 2010; Barylski et al , 2020; Barylski et al , 2020). …”

Tribological and Mechanical Behavior of Graphite Composites of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Irradiated by the Electron Beam

“…Current research is focused on irradiation of pure polytetrafluoroethylene with gamma rays due to the availability of this type of source, while sources enabling electron radiation with sufficient energy to penetrate the material to a depth of few cm are less common [20]. In the previous paper by these authors [23,24], results similar to Khatipov's team data were obtained for a high-energy beam of electrons at room temperature. The aim of this study was to investigate the result of an increase in graphite content to 20% and radiation with a 10 MeV electron beam energy on mechanical, sclerometic and tribological properties of modified PTFE.…”

Liquid Phase Electron Microscopy Provides Opportunities in Polymer Synthesis and Manufacturing

“…Graph showing the how the rates of polymer cross-linking and main chain scission interact to change the molecular weight of the polymer as electron dose is accumulated. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) predominantly cross-links, while polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) degrades relatively quickly, and nylon-6,6 with its G (S): G (X) value close to one showing initial cross-linking and subsequent degradation with accumulating dose . UHMWPE data was adapted with permission from ref .…”

“…UHMWPE data was adapted with permission from ref . Nylon-6,6 data was adapted from ref . PTFE bronze data was adapted with permission from ref .…”