Novel Network Polymer for Templated Carbon Photonic Crystal Structures

Abstract

Inverse opaline photonic crystal structures are created from carbon precursor polymer networks derived from the thermal Bergman cyclopolymerization of bis-ortho-diynyl arene (BODA) monomers. A new hydroxy-functional BODA monomer was prepared that exhibited excellent compatibility with silica opal templates. Monomer melt infiltration of the template, in situ thermal polymerization, and pyrolysis, followed by removal of the silica with HF affords a carbon inverse opal structure that conserves the original dimensions of the template. The photonic crystal was characterized by the reflectance spectra, and the refractive index of the carbon was estimated. The functionality of the carbon opal as a sensor element was demonstrated with water/acetonitrile mixtures and reveals a bandstop shift of 13 nm over a refractive index change of 0.011.

Silicon Inverse‐Opal‐Based Macroporous Materials as Negative Electrodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

“…The nanoscale structure of the inverse-opal skeleton provides a large surface area, short diffusion lengths, easy access for and fast transport of reagents inside the porous structure. The ''non-photonic'' applications of inverse colloidal crystals include such diverse fields as chemical and biological sensing, [7][8][9] simultaneous chromatographic separation and optical sensing, [10,11] biomedical research, [12,13] catalysis, [14,15] and power storage and generation. [16,17] Nowadays the demand for light-weight electric power sources that can provide high energy and high power density is greater than ever before, due to the exponential growth in the number of portable electronic devices and cordless tools, and to increasing interest in electric and hybrid powered vehicles.…”

Composite electrode composed of bimodal porous carbon and polypyrrole for electrochemical capacitors

“…Threedimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) materials can be prepared by this method, and these materials have been intensively studied in various fields, such as catalysts [1], biomaterials [2], photonics [3], and sensors [4]. Recently, we successfully prepared 3DOM carbon having walls composed of mesosized pores [5].…”

Polyarylene Networks via Bergman Cyclopolymerization of Bis‐ortho‐diynyl Arenes

“…In particular, BODA monomers have been successfully used in fabricating microstructures and inverse opaline photonic crystal nanostructures. [27,28] Alkyne functionalized compounds are well-documented as precursors to thermoset polymers where isolated alkynes, such as main-chain, [40] pendant, [41,42] terminal, [43,44] and fused aromatic systems, [45,46] have served as thermally reactive crosslinking sites. The crosslinking reaction for isolated diarylalkynes typically occurs at ca.…”

“…We have previously reported the synthesis and preliminary polymerization studies of easily prepared tetraynes, or bis-ortho-diynylarene (BODA) monomers, as a route to high performance aromatic polymers via readily processable intermediates. [24][25][26][27][28] Our synthetic methodology utilizes thermal intramolecular cyclization of aromatic enediynes (Scheme 1). [29][30][31][32] Enediyne research, in general, has enjoyed rapid progress with primary impetus stemming from their biological activity as antitumor agents.…”

“…The intrinsically branched architecture resulting from the tetra-functionality of BODA monomers leads to oligomers with excellent melt and solution processability, which can be utilized in molding and coating applications prior to final cure. [24][25][26][27][28] The cured BODA network polymers also serve as excellent precursors to glassy carbonaceous material. Here we detail the polymerization, characterization, processability, solid-state photoluminescence, and thermal stability of selected BODA products derived from commercial bisphenols.…”