Novel nanoparticulate systems for lung cancer therapy: an updated review

Abstract

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Conventional therapy for lung cancer is associated with lack of specificity and access to the normal cells resulting in cytotoxicity, reduced cellular uptake, drug resistance and rapid drug clearance from the body. The emergence of nanotechnology has revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer. The focus of nanotechnology is to target tumor cells with improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity. In the recent years, nanoparticulate systems have extensively been exploited in order to overcome the obstacles in treatment of lung cancer. Nanoparticulate systems have shown much potential for lung cancer therapy by gaining selective access to the tumor cells due to surface modifiability and smaller size. In this review, various novel nanoparticles (NPs) based formulations have been discussed in the treatment of lung cancer. Nanotechnology is expected to grow fast in future, and it will provide new avenues for the improved treatment of lung cancer. This review article also highlights the characteristics, recent advances in the designing of NPs and therapeutic outcomes.

Inhalable nanotherapeutics to improve treatment efficacy for common lung diseases

“…A wide range of materials have been employed in the design of nanoscale drug delivery systems for treating lung diseases, each with their own advantages and drawbacks (Madni et al, ). Generally, inorganic and nonbiodegradable NPs have been shown to induce inflammation, whereas biodegradable systems are relatively innocuous and induce fewer adverse side effects (Driscoll et al, ; Grabowski et al, ; Mura et al, ; Rytting, Nguyen, Wang, & Kissel, ).…”

Substrate stiffness regulated migration and angiogenesis potential of A549 cells and HUVECs

“…Lung cancer has become, in the recent times, one of the most common forms of cancer to threaten human health. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths globally (Madni et al, ). Therefore, it is important to understand how substrate stiffness influences the migration of cancer cells and angiogenesis in tumor tissue.…”

Redox-responsive and pH-sensitive nanoparticles enhanced stability and anticancer ability of erlotinib to treat lung cancer in vivo

“…Nanoscale drug delivery systems have been investigated widely in oncotherapy due to their merits including the ability to target to the tumor sites, reduction in effective dose, and less toxic to healthy cells. 14 Compared with passive targeted nanocarriers, nanoparticles with structures that respond to external stimuli (including reduction, pH, light, and enzyme activities) have attracted considerable attention in the field of cancer therapy. The extracellular environment of tumors is more acidic (in the range of pH 6.5–6.9), while endosomes and lysosomes have even lower pH values of 5.0–5.5.…”