Novel nanogels based on hydroxypropyl cellulose–poly(itaconic acid) for adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution: process modeling and optimization using response surface methodology

A perspective on the applications of functionalized nanogels: promises and challenges

“…Different solutions can be employed in order to adsorb commercial dyes from aqueous solutions, employing different polymers, working conditions and synthesis procedures [20,133]. In this context, great attention is now being given even to the employment of natural polymers for the synthesis of nanogels to obtain biocompatible cost effective systems as potential adsorbents for water contaminants [133]. An example of this kind of device is the microcrystalline cellulose-based nanogel grafted with acrylamide and acrylic acid in the presence of a crosslinking agent (methylene bisacrylamide) and initiator (potassium persulphate) [30].…”

“…The authors explained this behaviour considering the electrostatic attraction between the cationic dye and negative charge of the adsorbent material. Different solutions can be employed in order to adsorb commercial dyes from aqueous solutions, employing different polymers, working conditions and synthesis procedures [20,133]. In this context, great attention is now being given even to the employment of natural polymers for the synthesis of nanogels to obtain biocompatible cost effective systems as potential adsorbents for water contaminants [133].…”

Loose and Encased Graphite for Methylene Blue Adsorption: Process Optimization and Principal Component Analysis

“…As expected, the textile industry is regarded as one of the key contributors to this type of contamination [2,3]. However, dyes are also extensively used in biological staining applications as well as in the rubber, plastics, paper, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries [4][5][6]. The release of dyes into water resources may lead to adverse effects; in particular, the dye color is visible even at low concentrations (< 1.0 mg L -1 ), which may result in sunlight blocking, hindering the photosynthesis of aquatic flora and thus having a negative impact on the entire aquatic ecosystem [7,8].…”

“…Several approaches have been used to remove methylene blue and other types of dyes from wastewater, including coagulation/flocculation [11], adsorption [5,[12][13][14][15], filtration [16,17], electrochemical oxidation [18], photocatalytic degradation [19], and biodegradation [20,21]. Adsorption is favorable owing to its low cost, abundant availability of adsorbent materials, high efficiency, and ease of operation [22][23][24].…”

Structure, physicochemical properties, and adsorption performance of the ethyl cellulose/bentonite composite films

“…According to You et al ( 2021 ), the concentration of dye in wastewater is generally between 10 and 200 mg/L (that is, approximately 0.03–0.6 mmol/L). And, as the analysis of publications showed, most of the studies of MB adsorption were carried out for solutions with such initial concentrations of the dye (Hassanpour et al 2019 ; Luo et al 2011 ). However, in pharmacological and biomedical practice, MB solutions in the low μmol/L range are widely used, too (Schirmer et al 2011 ; Chang et al 2009 ).…”