Novel methodology for Kannada Braille to speech translation using image processing on FPGA

Odia Braille: Text transcription via image processing

“…Grade1 represents one-to-one translation i.e. one cell corresponds to single character and Grade2 represents one cell corresponding to a single word [1,5]. Thus, this type of representation being available in English language is now carried for different regional languages.…”

“…Braille recognition not only creates a healthy environment of communication for visually challenged, but also resolves the cause of people engaged in special education issues, such as schoolwork, correcting papers, etc [3]. Now-a-days, Braille is incorporated in currency notes, keypads of cell phones, ATM machines [1] and can be found as instructions at railway stations, door labels in elevators [6]. Basically, there are two types of Braille-Grade1 and Grade2 [1].…”

“…Now-a-days, Braille is incorporated in currency notes, keypads of cell phones, ATM machines [1] and can be found as instructions at railway stations, door labels in elevators [6]. Basically, there are two types of Braille-Grade1 and Grade2 [1]. Grade1 represents one-to-one translation i.e.…”

“…These cells comprises of six dot positions, arranged in a rectangular configuration of two columns with maximum three dots each, like a 3×2 matrix, as shown in Fig. 1 [1,4,5,8].…”

“…Braille is a code not a language [5,10] which is universally accepted method [10] describing letters, numbers and symbols in the form of dots embossed on paper or any other material [1]. The Braille symbols are formed within a predefined space called Braille cells [5].…”