Novel Metal Clusters Isolated from Blood Are Lethal to Cancer Cells

Abstract

Unfolding and subsequent aggregation of proteins is a common phenomenon that is linked to many human disorders. Misfolded hemoglobin is generally manifested in various autoimmune, infectious and inherited diseases. We isolated micrometer and submicrometer particles, termed proteons, from human and animal blood. Proteons lack nucleic acids but contain two major polypeptide populations with homology to the hemoglobin α-chain. Proteons form by reversible seeded aggregation of proteins around proteon nucleating centers (PNCs). PNCs are comprised of 1- to 2-nm metallic nanoclusters containing 40–300 atoms. Each milliliter of human blood contained approximately 7 × 10¹³ PNCs and approximately 3 × 10⁸ proteons. Exposure of isolated blood plasma to elevated temperatures increased the number of proteons. When an aliquot of this heated plasma was introduced into untreated plasma that was subsequently heated, the number of proteons further increased, reaching a maximum after a total of three such iterations. Small concentrations of PNCs were lethal to cultured cancer cells, whereas noncancerous cells were much less affected.

Zinc nanoparticles interact with olfactory receptor neurons

“…All these metals, including zinc were found in a few mg/L concentrations in human blood (DIONEX 2009). Zn, Fe, and Cu nanoparticles were found in human and animal blood (Samoylov et al 2005). In our experiments we found that copper nanoparticles stabilized olfactory responses, so that amplitude of the responses sustains for a long time (Viswaprakash et al 2009a).…”

“…Superatoms having special electronic structure possess unusual chemical, physical properties, and may have high stability against aggregation and oxidation. We found a large number of stable metal nanoparticles in human and animal blood (Samoylov et al 2005). It would be important to learn if they are physiologically significant.…”

“…One of the remarkable properties of small metal nanoparticles is their stability in water in blood plasma (Samoylov et al 2005;Viswaprakash et al 2009a). It was discovered that metal nanoparticles with 13, 55, 147, 309, 561, and 923, so called ''magic number'' of atoms, have added stability.…”

Membrane Vesicles Nucleate Mineralo-organic Nanoparticles and Induce Carbonate Apatite Precipitation in Human Body Fluids

“…1, A and B) share similarities with a group of intriguing particles described previously in the blood under various names, including "microzymas," "protits," "somatids," "cancer bacteria," "pleomorphic bacteria," and "filterable bodies," among other terms (83)(84)(85)(86). Vodyanoy and colleagues (87) have reported that metal nanoclusters may form structures referred to as "proteons" when they bind to denatured proteins in various body fluids, such as blood. Based on these and similar observations (8 -17), we believe that the putative microzymas, protits, somatids, and related entities may represent a combination of various particles that form spontaneously in the blood during incubation, which may include MVs, mineralo-organic NPs, proteons, and cellular remnants.…”

Spontaneous Alternation Behavior in Human Neutrophils

“…This incorporates a high-aperture, cardioid annular condenser (www.scitech.com.au) unique to this system and which makes possible visualization of objects below 90nm in diameter in real time, including cellular samples in an unfixed, living, active state (Samoylov, et al, 2005;Vainrub, et al 2006). Because PMNs were treated gently, avoiding perturbations of column separation and elution, it became possible to reliably study a PMN continuously for extended times without the onset of granular clumping, membrane blebbing and other signs of impending apoptosis (Lodish, 2005).…”