Novel markers of early ovarian pre‐granulosa cells are expressed in an <i>Sry</i>‐like pattern

Lee, Hyunjoo Jenny; Pazin, Dorothy E.; Kahlon, Ravi S.; Correa, Stephanie M.; Albrecht, Kenneth H.

doi:10.1002/dvdy.21902

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In the absence of Sry, as in XX genital ridges, ovary differentiation is initiated by the action of genes such as Bullejos and Koopman 2001;Wilhelm et al 2005). This expression pattern is also observed for some other genes expressed even earlier in both male and female embryos (Lee et al 2009), so it seems likely that the ''wave'' of Sry up-regulation depends on the appropriate combination of transcription factors being present in different parts of the gonad at different times. While it remains unclear how the center-to-pole expansion of Sry expression occurs, the result is that Sertoli cells do not differentiate synchronously in all parts of the gonad, a situation that has consequences for the formation of ovotestes in some situations, as discussed below.…”

Section: Specification Of Pre-sertoli Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Building the mammalian testis: origins, differentiation, and assembly of the component cell populations

2013

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Development of testes in the mammalian embryo requires the formation and assembly of several cell types that allow these organs to achieve their roles in male reproduction and endocrine regulation. Testis development is unusual in that several cell types such as Sertoli, Leydig, and spermatogonial cells arise from bipotential precursors present in the precursor tissue, the genital ridge. These cell types do not differentiate independently but depend on signals from Sertoli cells that differentiate under the influence of transcription factors SRY and SOX9. While these steps are becoming better understood, the origins and roles of many testicular cell types and structures—including peritubular myoid cells, the tunica albuginea, the arterial and venous blood vasculature, lymphatic vessels, macrophages, and nerve cells—have remained unclear. This review synthesizes current knowledge of how the architecture of the testis unfolds and highlights the questions that remain to be explored, thus providing a roadmap for future studies that may help illuminate the causes of XY disorders of sex development, infertility, and testicular cancers.

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Section: Specification Of Pre-sertoli Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Building the mammalian testis: origins, differentiation, and assembly of the component cell populations

2013

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“…Kim et al [43] examined expression of Pld1/PLD1 in various mouse tissues and demonstrated PLD1 localization to granulosa cells of growing follicles, suggesting a role in regulation of follicular growth. Sprrd2 belongs to the small proline-rich gene family encoding a structural protein associated with the formation of protective barriers provided by stratified squamous epithelium [46], and recently was demonstrated to exhibit a center-to-pole expression pattern during fetal ovarian development [47]. Expression of Pld1 and Sprrd2 during the earliest stages of fetal ovarian development is a new finding and suggests that both genes are important novel regulators of pre-granulosa cell development.…”

Section: Expression Pattern Of Identified Genes By Real-time Pcr and mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Candidate Genes Identified for Controlling Mouse Gonadal Sex Determination and the Early Stages of Granulosa and Sertoli Cell Differentiation1

Bouma

Hudson

Washburn

et al. 2010

Biology of Reproduction

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Mammalian gonadal sex-determining (GSD) genes are expressed in a unique population of somatic cells that differentiate into granulosa cells in XX gonads or Sertoli cells in XY gonads. The ability to efficiently isolate these somatic support cells (SSCs) during the earliest stages of gonad development would facilitate identifying 1) new candidate GSD genes that may be involved in cases of unexplained abnormal gonad development and 2) genes involved in the earliest stages of granulosa and Sertoli cell differentiation. We report the development of a unique mouse carrying two transgenes that allow XX and XY mice to be distinguished as early as Embryonic Day 11.5 (E11.5) and allow SSCs to be isolated from undifferentiated (E11.5) and early differentiated (E12.5) fetal gonads. The Mouse Genome 430v2.0 GeneChip (Affymetrix) was used to identify transcripts exhibiting a sexual dimorphic expression pattern in XX and XY isolated SSCs. The analysis revealed previously unidentified sexually dimorphic transcripts, including low-level expressed genes such as Sry, a gene not identified in other microarray studies. Multigene real-time PCR analysis of 57 genes verified that 53 were expressed in fetal gonads in a sexually dimorphic pattern, and whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis verified 4930563E18Rik, Pld1, and Sprr2d are expressed in XX gonads, and Fbln2, Ppargc1a, and Scrn1 are expressed in XY gonads. Taken together, the data provide a comprehensive resource for the spatial-temporal expression pattern of genes that are part of the genetic network underlying the early stages of mammalian fetal gonadal development, including the development of granulosa and Sertoli cells.

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“…1I). Moreover, some of these cells appeared to be positive for SPRR2d, another early pre-granulosa cell marker (Lee et al, 2009;Bouma et al, 2010) (supplementary material Fig. S2B).…”

Section: Two Populations Of Ovarian Somatic Cells Retain Sdsi In Fetamentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity in sexual bipotentiality and plasticity of granulosa cells in developing mouse ovaries

Harikae

Miura

Shinomura

et al. 2013

Journal of Cell Science

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SummaryIn mammalian sex determination, SRY directly upregulates the expression of SOX9, the master regulatory transcription factor in Sertoli cell differentiation, leading to testis formation. Without SRY action, the bipotential gonadal cells become pre-granulosa cells, which results in ovarian follicle development. When, where and how pre-granulosa cells are determined to differentiate into developing ovaries, however, remains unclear. By monitoring SRY-dependent SOX9 inducibility (SDSI) in an Sry-inducible mouse system, we were able to identify spatiotemporal changes in the sexual bipotentiality/plasticity of ovarian somatic cells throughout life. The early pre-granulosa cells maintain the SDSI until 11.5 d.p.c., after which most pre-granulosa cells rapidly lose this ability by 12.0 d.p.c. Unexpectedly, we found a subpopulation of the pre-granulosa cells near the mesonephric tissue that continuously retains SDSI throughout fetal and early postnatal stages. After birth, these SDSI-positive pre-granulosa cells contribute to the initial round of folliculogenesis by the secondary follicle stage. In experimental sex reversal of 13.5-d.p.c. ovaries grafted into adult male nude mice, the differentiated granulosa cells re-acquire the SDSI before other signs of masculinization. Our data provide direct evidence of an unexpectedly high sexual heterogeneity of granulosa cells in developing mouse ovaries in a stage-and region-specific manner. Discovery of such sexually bipotential granulosa cells provides a novel entry point to the understanding of masculinization in various cases of XX disorders of sexual development in mammalian ovaries.

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Novel markers of early ovarian pre‐granulosa cells are expressed in an Sry‐like pattern

Cited by 14 publications

References 55 publications

Building the mammalian testis: origins, differentiation, and assembly of the component cell populations

Building the mammalian testis: origins, differentiation, and assembly of the component cell populations

New Candidate Genes Identified for Controlling Mouse Gonadal Sex Determination and the Early Stages of Granulosa and Sertoli Cell Differentiation1

Heterogeneity in sexual bipotentiality and plasticity of granulosa cells in developing mouse ovaries

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