Novel low melting point quaternary eutectic system for solar thermal energy storage

Wang, Tao; Mantha, D.; Reddy, Ramana G.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.09.001

Cited by 121 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Hence, there is relatively large mass loss was observed in the cycle that is mainly contribute the presence of impurities and also moisture which is arise from the atmosphere in the process of the sample. The moisture and impurities mostly were removed during the cycle and the mass loss is attributable to the decomposition of the salt component [13]. The curve seen to reach the equilibrium state at certain amount of time that is closely to 500 °C which undergoes in this quaternary salt system.…”

Section: Discussion Results To the Effect Of Calcium Nitratementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Sample 1 and sample 4 shows heat capacity 2.08 and 2.06 respectively which is not much different between them. In recent studies the higher heat capacity value of the quaternary salt system indicates greater potential of energy storage capacity for the solar thermal energy storage applications [13]. In solid state, mobility is low due to the rigid arrangement and the specific heat is mostly determined by vibration effect while in liquid state, the huge amount increase of specific heat is attributed the higher mobility which result of improvement of fluidity.…”

Section: Discussion Results To the Effect Of Calcium Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quaternary salt involved which contains different weight percentages of NaNO3, KNO3, LiNO3, and Ca[NO3]2, exhibits better physical and chemical properties than the binary solar salt. In several light studies [5],where involved the LiNO3 and Ca [NO3] . From the other researcher [6] is known to disclose anhydrous compositions mixture belonging to the quaternary LiNO3-NaNO3-KNO3-Ca[NO3]2 system, said this compositions having a melting temperature below or closely 95 °C and a high thermal stability up to the temperature of 500 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of lithium nitrate and calcium nitrate composition on the thermal properties of quaternary molten salts mixture for heat transfer application

Ahmad

Yunos

Muhammad

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract.Mixed molten salt is considered as a promising medium for both heat transfer and energy storage in thermal power because of its many advantages such as low the melting point, large heat capacity, good thermal stability and low cost. In order to determine the thermal properties of the molten salt, the nitrate quaternary mixture of the molten salt are prepared based on the different composition of the lithium nitrate and calcium nitrate. The other salts in the mixture are potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate. Mixture of molten salts were heated in furnace at 150 for 4 hours and increased the temperature to 400 for 8 hours for homogenize the salt mixture. Then, decreased the temperature to 115 for an hour. The melting point and thermal stability of the mixture was determined by using thermogravimetric analysis [TGA] while the heat capacity was determined by using differential scanning calorimetry [DSC]. The lowest melting point using different composition of lithium nitrate, 10wt%NaNO3, 4Owt%KNO3, 20wt%Ca[NO3]2, 30wt%LiNO3 which is 97.1 while the heat capacity is 6.33 J/g . For the experiment using various composition of calcium nitrate, the lowest melting point is from 14wt% NaNO3 + 48wt% KNO3 + 13wt% LiNO3 + 25wt% Ca[NO3]2 which is 111.7 and the heat capacity is 2.06 J/g . From the result, the addition of lithium nitrate in the quaternary molten salts give more effect to the reduction of melting point value but higher heat capacity. IntroductionMolten salt is a means of storing heat at a high temperature. Molten salt is constituting of potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, lithium nitrate. It has the property to absorb heat and to store the heat energy that is released to the water to transfer energy when needed. Molten salt that have high thermal energy storage capacity will increase the efficiency and enhance the performance for thermal energy storage. Thermal energy storage capacity of a salt mixture is dependent on melting point, density and specific heat capacity. Lower the melting point, more efficiency the molten salt. Then for thermal stability of the salt mixtures plays an important role in determining its utility as a potential thermal energy storage media. Nitrate mixtures and mixtures of nitrate and nitrite are being used in the applications because of low melting point, low unit cost, high heat capacity and moderate density which imply excellent energy storage capability. Binary mixtures of alkali molten nitrates or nitrites present phase diagrams with a

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Section: Discussion Results To the Effect Of Calcium Nitratementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussion Results To the Effect Of Calcium Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of lithium nitrate and calcium nitrate composition on the thermal properties of quaternary molten salts mixture for heat transfer application

Ahmad

Yunos

Muhammad

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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show abstract

“…As one of heat-storage materials, molten salt possesses the characteristics of a low melting point, large heat capacity, high thermal conductivity, small viscosity, and moderate density material, and has been widely applied in many fields, e.g., as heat-transfer fluids in the petrochemical industry, electrolytes in high-temperature batteries [1,2], and heat-storage media in the solar thermal utilization field [3][4][5][6][7][8]. A solar thermal power plant with a molten salt heat-storage system can nicely solve the issue of nonstable solar radiation energy, and provide continuous and stable heat energy and electric power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-Principles Study for Thermodynamic Properties of Solid $$\hbox {KNO}_{2}$$ KNO 2 System

et al. 2015

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To enable us better understand the performance of molten salt energy storage in a solar thermal power system, thermodynamic properties of the solid KNO 2 system at ambient pressure and temperatures between 0 K and 711 K are determined by first-principles simulation based on density functional perturbation theory calculations with plane waves and pseudopotentials. Thermodynamic parameters of the Debye temperature, specific heat capacity at constant volume, phonon transfer speed, phonon mean free path, and phonon thermal conductivity as a function of temperature are estimated. The results show that the calculated phonon thermal conductivity is in good agreement with experimental values, but the calculated specific heat capacity at constant volume is lower than measured values. The isometric specific heat capacity of KNO 2 is 75.03 J·mol −1 ·K −1 , and the phonon thermal conductivity is 2.37 W·m −1 ·K −1 at ambient temperature.

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“…Molten salt mixtures are being used to improve the energy conversion efficiency and reduce the cost of electricity production [2]. Low melting point, low viscosity, low vapour pressure, with high heat capacity and thermal stability are the most important characteristics to be considered in a salt system for thermal energy storage and heat transfer applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal evaluation of molten salts for solar thermal energy storage

Villada¹,

Bolívar²,

Jaramillo³

et al. 2014

REPQJ

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Molten salts are known for having good heat transfer properties to be used in thermal storage. This application has become important in the development of thermal technologies for solar energy concentration. The operating principle of these technologies is based on the concentration of sun rays by mirrors to achieve high temperatures and aims to operate turbines coupled with electric generators to produce electricity. Therefore, alkali nitrates and sodium nitrite are good candidates due to the low melting point and excellent heat capacity. These properties produce a broad molten salt operating range and enable effective thermal storage in solar power plants. But one of the critical parameters is the degradation because the cyclic process of heating / cooling. It is important to study the thermal properties in order to determine the operating conditions and lifetime during processing.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the melting point and thermal stability of conventional salt systems, such as the Solar Salt (60% NaNO 3 -40% -KNO 3 , Tm = 220 °C) and HITEC (7% NaNO 3 -53% KNO 3 -40%NaNO 2 , Tm = 142 °C), and a novel eutectic mixture. The physical and chemical properties of the studied salts were evaluated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and morphology was observed in SEM images. In order to compare experimental results with theoretical calculations, the eutectic temperature and heat capacity were calculated with Factsage® thermodynamic software.Melting point was found to be lower than that of conventional salts due to the Lithium Nitrate addition in the systems.

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Novel low melting point quaternary eutectic system for solar thermal energy storage

Cited by 121 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of lithium nitrate and calcium nitrate composition on the thermal properties of quaternary molten salts mixture for heat transfer application

Effect of lithium nitrate and calcium nitrate composition on the thermal properties of quaternary molten salts mixture for heat transfer application

First-Principles Study for Thermodynamic Properties of Solid $$\hbox {KNO}_{2}$$ KNO 2 System

Thermal evaluation of molten salts for solar thermal energy storage

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