Novel lensed-fiber offset coupling scheme to reduce reflected intensity noise in optimizing carrier-to-noise ratio

Mondal, Samir K.; Shi, Frank G.

doi:10.1016/s0030-4018(01)01578-4

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As a result, the RIN value distribution with respect to the alignment position is not dependent on reflection, instead, it depends on the lasing power and the spontaneous irradiation coupled into the fiber. However for many applications such as LAN, isolators should be avoided because of cost consideration [7]- [9]. Thus low-cost configurations have to be used to reduce the optical back reflection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus low-cost configurations have to be used to reduce the optical back reflection. One way is to tilt the axis of the laser beam to a selected angle, make it noncoincide with the axis of the pigtailed fiber [7], however, in doing so the laser power coupled into a fiber will be reduced [10]. Another method widely used in industry is to employ cleaved fiber, an efficient way to prevent the reflected light from retracing back into the laser diode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manufacturing of laser diode modules: Integration and automation of laser diode-fiber alignment and RIN characterization

Zhang

Shi

2003

IEEE Trans. Adv. Packag.

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Laser diode-fiber alignment and relative intensity noise (RIN) characterization are two crucial steps to the manufacturing of fiber pigtailed laser diode modules. Integrating both steps into a single automatic process can increase yield, improve the throughput and reduce manufacturing cost. This work presents a novel scheme of the integrated laser-diode-to-fiber alignment and RIN testing automation for the manufacturing of Fabry-Perot (FP) laser diode module hosted in a low cost isolator-free coaxial-type package. It is demonstrated that the value of RIN is not only determined by the intrinsic spontaneous emission of the laser diode, but also strongly dependent on the fiber-laser alignment and pigtailing process. It is experimentally determined, for the first time, that regardless of the type of lensed fiber employed for fiber-laser coupling, and with or without the presence of angular misalignment, there is an optimal fiber-laser alignment location at which the RIN value reaches its minimum. Moreover, it is observed that both RIN minimization and laser power coupling maximization occur at the same fiber-laser alignment position.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing of laser diode modules: Integration and automation of laser diode-fiber alignment and RIN characterization

Zhang

Shi

2003

IEEE Trans. Adv. Packag.

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A Simple but Accurate Method for Prediction of Reflected Intensity Noise for Single-Mode Circular Core Triangular Index Fiber Excitation via Upside Down Tapered Hemispherical Microlens on the Tip of Fiber

Maiti

Gangopadhyay

2022

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Optimization of fiber-laser coupling with respect to both the coupling efficiency and carrier-to-noise ratio: a novel design

Mondal¹,

Shi²

52nd Electronic Components and Technology Conference 2002. (Cat. No.02CH37345)

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Fiber-coupled laser diodes are indispensable for optical fiber communications. The design of laser-fiber coupling is often guided by maximizing the optical power coupled into fiber, and by relaxing the fiber-laser alignment tolerances. The most of them are susceptible to optical back-reflections from the fiber resulting in not only a reduced coupling efficiency but also an increased optical noise of the signal. The high bit rate transmission through optical fiber is degraded by reflected intensity noise (RIN) due to multiple reflections from refractive index discontinuities. An offset misaligned coupling scheme involving lensed fiber is proposed to reduce reflected intensity noise. The effect of such misalignment on back reflection is studied theoretically. The results show a significant improvement in the reflected intensity noise and carrier to noise ratio (CNR). Such an improvement of RIN and CNR is important for maintaining quality of laser and highspeed data transmission. The results enable one to optimize the design of any laser-fiber coupling with respect to CNR. The coupling scheme finds potential application in Metro-area network and also for long-haul communication to improve RIN and CNR. 0-7803-7430-4102/$17.00 02002 IEEE

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Novel lensed-fiber offset coupling scheme to reduce reflected intensity noise in optimizing carrier-to-noise ratio

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Manufacturing of laser diode modules: Integration and automation of laser diode-fiber alignment and RIN characterization

Manufacturing of laser diode modules: Integration and automation of laser diode-fiber alignment and RIN characterization

A Simple but Accurate Method for Prediction of Reflected Intensity Noise for Single-Mode Circular Core Triangular Index Fiber Excitation via Upside Down Tapered Hemispherical Microlens on the Tip of Fiber

Optimization of fiber-laser coupling with respect to both the coupling efficiency and carrier-to-noise ratio: a novel design

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