Novel Iterative Clipping and Error Filtering Methods for Efficient PAPR Reduction in 5G and Beyond

Gökçeli, Selahattin; Levanen, Toni; Riihonen, Taneli; Yli‐Kaakinen, Juha; Brihuega, Alberto; Turunen, Matias; Renfors, Markku; Valkama, Mikko

doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2020.3043598

Cited by 16 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In each zeropadded OFDM symbol, the WHT encoded complex symbols are mapped into the desired number of subcarriers in the frequency bandwidth and the null subcarriers (zero-paddings) are added at both ends of the data subcarriers [10]. The zero-padded OFDM signals are oversampled and processed with clipping and filtering technique under consideration of targeted PAPR value [24] .The clipped and filtered signals of the three users in addition to artificially generated noisy signal for an passive eavesdropper are precoded with channel dependent transmit precoding schemes [25] after power scaling and the baseband equivalent spatially-multiplexed signals are transmitted from ground base station to unmanned aerial vehicle. At the receiving end of each user, linear signal detection scheme, cholesky decomposition (CD) based ZF/minimum mean square error (MMSE) is used to detect all the transmitted signals [26], [27].…”

Section: B Block Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clipped signals presented in (8a) and (8b) are converted into frequency-domain signals to suppress the clipping noise by computation of DFT of size Nm and further processed to reconvert into time domain signals [24]. The l th discrete-time domain processed signal vectors ← → X k,l [m] and ← → X eve,l [m] for the user k and eavesdropper are rescaled such that E| ← → X k,l | 2 = 1 and E| ← → X eve,l | 2 = 1.The power rescaled signal vectors of unity power are represented by − → X k,l [m] and − → X eve,l [m].…”

Section: Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transceiver Design for Full-Duplex UAV Based Zero-Padded OFDM System With Physical Layer Security

et al. 2021

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In this paper, multi-antenna transceiver for zero-padded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is designed at mmWave by integrating full-duplex unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) into the terrestrial cellular networks. Assuming that there exist no direct communication links between the ground base station (GBS) and the mobile users due to unexpected blockages from high storied buildings in urban area, the UAV applies decode-and-forward cooperative strategy on the received OFDM signals transmitted from GBS and re-transmits to the ground mobile users and passive eavesdropper. In this proposed system, intertwining logistic map (ILM)-cosine transform aided encryption algorithm combined with artificial noise enhancing physical layer security (PLS) is introduced. Also walsh-hadamard transform technique integrated with QR-decomposition based zero forcing (ZF) block diagonalization (QR-ZF-BD) precoding for multi-user interference reduction and non-iterative clipping and filtering technique for peak to average power ratio (PAPR) reduction are utilized. In addition, Low density parity check (LDPC) and repeat and accumulate (RA) channel coding with cholesky decomposition based ZF and minimum mean square error signal detection schemes for improved bit error rate (BER) are also introduced. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of PLS for color image transmission at high order digital modulation . At the complementary cumulative distribution function of probability level 1-6%, the estimated PAPR is found to have value of 6 dB.The three users achieve BER = 1 × 10 −4 at signal-to-noise ratio of 1.5 dB, 4 dB and 6 dB under RA channel coding and 16-QAM digital modulation.INDEX TERMS Bit error rate, channel coding, peak to average power ratio, physical layer security encryption, signal-to-noise ratio, zero-padded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing.

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Section: B Block Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transceiver Design for Full-Duplex UAV Based Zero-Padded OFDM System With Physical Layer Security

et al. 2021

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“…However, conventional PAPR reduction methods do not support such feature. Specifically, ordinary ICF allocates clipping noise uniformly over the active processing band, thus distorting the physical resource block (PRB)-specific mean-squared error (MSE) or error vector magnitude (EVM) requirements [4], [9]. Instead, clipping noise should be controlled at PRB level to allow for efficient frequency-domain multiplexing of services with different MSE/EVM limits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning Based Tuner for Frequency-Selective PAPR Reduction

Gökçeli

Riihonen

Levanen

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Frequency-selective peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction is essential in networks such as 5G New Radio (NR) that support frequency-domain multiplexing of users and services. However, stemming from the frequency-selective shaping of the involved clipping noise, the relation between the intended PAPR target and the actually realized PAPR is known to be heavily nonlinear, which complicates the PAPR reduction. In this article, a novel machine learning (ML)-based solution, called PAPRer, is proposed to automatically and accurately tune the optimal PAPR target for frequency-selective PAPR reduction. This is achieved by utilizing the features related to the used clipping noise filter and minimization of the defined loss function, through supervised learning, which quantifies the PAPR target estimation accuracy. An analytical clipping noise power-based method is also devised for reference purposes. Extensive numerical evaluations in 5G NR context are provided and analyzed, showing that PAPRer can very accurately predict and tune the optimal PAPR target. These results, together with the provided complexity assessment, demonstrate that the proposed PAPRer offers a favorable performance-complexity tradeoff in choosing the optimal PAPR target for frequency-selective PAPR reduction.

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“…In the implementation stage, clipping-based signal analysis is used to reduce the PAPR of the system, in addition to CFR for managing the PAPR which is described by the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) statistical measure of the peak power. In [ 19 , 20 ], the clipping method is used to compensate the output of the transmitter system using a correlation factor to minimize the floor error, based on the transformation of the amplitude to a defined distribution, using a conventional clipping process, followed by filtering. In [ 21 ] an analytical work based on the reconstruction of iterative clipping is presented; this scheme performs the reconstruction of the non-linear distortion of a digital multiplexing system such as OFDM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Crest Factor Reduction Technique for LTE Signals with Target Relaxation in Power Amplifier Linearization

Cárdenas-Valdez

Galaviz-Aguilar

Vargas-Rosales

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The signal conditioning treatment to achieve good relation of power with radio-frequency (RF) conversion in conventional transceiver systems require precise baseband models. A developed framework is built to provide a demonstration of the modeling figures of merit with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) support under signal conditioning and transmission restrictions to waveforms with high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in practical applications. Therefore, peak and average power levels have to be limited to correct high PAPR for a better suited correction power from the amplifier that can lead to compression or clipping in the signal of interest. This work presents an alternative joint crest factor reduction (CFR) algorithm to correct the performance of PAPR. A real-time field-programmable gate array (FPGA) testbed is developed to characterize and measure the behavior of an amplifier using a single-carrier 64–QAM OFDM based on long-term evolution (LTE) downlink at 2.40 GHz as stimulus, across wide modulation bandwidths. The results demonstrate that the CFR accuracy capabilities for the signal conditioning show a reliable clipping reduction to give a smooth version of the clipping signal and provide a factor of correction for the unwanted out-of-band emission validated according to the adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR), PAPR, peak power, complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF), and error vector magnitude (EVM) figures of merit.

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Novel Iterative Clipping and Error Filtering Methods for Efficient PAPR Reduction in 5G and Beyond

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Transceiver Design for Full-Duplex UAV Based Zero-Padded OFDM System With Physical Layer Security

Transceiver Design for Full-Duplex UAV Based Zero-Padded OFDM System With Physical Layer Security

Machine Learning Based Tuner for Frequency-Selective PAPR Reduction

A Crest Factor Reduction Technique for LTE Signals with Target Relaxation in Power Amplifier Linearization

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