“…Injection of anti-host HLA MHC class I antibody resulted in transient, partial, and reversible reduction in colony-forming unit-spleen (CFU-S) and colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) cells in bone marrow (BM) (Sadelain et al, 1990). Further insightful studies have predicted and demonstrated improved donor engraftment with low-dose irradiation, or nonmyeloablative chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide [Cytoxan]) when combined with Kit ligand (KL) (Neta et al, 1993;van Os et al, 1997), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), or interferon alfa-2a induction (Sato et al, 2013). Inhibition of c-Kit and its binding to stem cell factor (SCF), using monoclonal antibodies (ACK2) and multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Sunitinib) alone, has also been demonstrated to improve engraftment in immunodeficient mice but only in combination with low-dose irradiation in immunocompetent mice (Fewkes et al, 2010;Xue et al, 2010).…”