Novel integrated mechanical biological chemical treatment (MBCT) systems for the production of levulinic acid from fraction of municipal solid waste: A comprehensive techno-economic analysis

Sadhukhan, Jhuma; Ng, Kok Siew; Martínez-Hernández, Elías

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.030

Cited by 66 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For electricity generation from the RDF incineration and CHP section, thus the value obtained is (0.118 D /kWh × 1.37 MWh/t of RDF × 1000 kWh/MWh) = 161.7 D /t RDF going into the CHP system (3.6 t/h). • Value of metals: The metal containing stream has 80% iron, 14% aluminium, 4.5% zinc and 1.5% copper, respectively (Wens et al, 2010;Sadhukhan et al, 2016b), based on which their recovered flowrates have been decided. The prices of iron, aluminium, zinc and copper are 75, 1093.8, 480, 3875.0, D /t respectively (Scrap Sales UK, 2016;LetsRecycle.com, 2016).…”

Section: Value Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A multilevel sustainability analysis of zinc recovery from wastes

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Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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Section: Value Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A multilevel sustainability analysis of zinc recovery from wastes

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Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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“…Yet the reuse potential is not clearly defined and not considered in technology assessments of CO 2 reduction strategies. Only in automotive technology assessments and municipal waste treatment reuse is rated (Kröll, 2007;Sadhukhan et al, 2016). In the investigated studies only five mention the terms cycle or circular economy Bazzanella and Ausfelder, 2017;Bründlinger et al, 2018;Lösch et al, 2018;Lytton, 2018).…”

Section: Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon2Chem®-CCU as a Step Toward a Circular Economy

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With respect to the climate goals of the Paris agreement, different carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction strategies are discussed for industrial processes. For a comparison of these strategies-carbon direct avoidance (CDA), carbon capture and storage (CCS), and carbon, capture, and utilization (CCU)-a holistic view is mandatory. In this article, recent literature is at first analyzed for stringent methodology, transparency and applied assessment criteria. Secondly, a new set of assessment criteria is presented: Beside the carbon reduction potential, the energy demand and costs, additional criteria for the mid-term impact of a CO 2 reduction strategy like the reuse potential or social acceptance are analyzed. In a third step, publicized data is converted into consistent system boundaries. Deriving from the life cycle assessment (LCA) the method "system expansion" is selected. The impact of the system expansion approach is demonstrated by calculation of the CO 2 and the energy balances of the CCU approach within different system boundaries. The system expansion is visualized systematically under the consideration of the different processes. The Carbon2Chem ® project is described as one example for the CCU approach of the steel and chemical production, which offers a CO 2 reduction of about 50%. Additionally the CO 2 reduction potential is expandable proportional with increasing utilization of top gases. A consistent level of the energy demand for the CCU approach is shown compared to the conventional production processes of steel and chemicals.

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“…Circular economy models can be built upon "trust, confidentiality, openness, equality and cooperation", "connecting flows of energy, water and materials, at the same time promoting the symbiotic mindset to others, on all geographical scales, from local to global" to eliminate wastes from value chains, as well as for reliance towards climate change impact and finite resources [9]. In the present context of unsurmountable municipal solid waste generation, material recovery facilities that include automated physical or mechanical sorting to segregate waste to direct into various sectors and chemical transformation to turn waste into added-value resources offer a sustainable circular economy prospect leaving behind no waste [10,11]. This way a closed loop economy can adhere to the valorisation hierarchy, in the order of decreasing priority, prevent, reduce, reuse, recycle, and energy recovery.…”

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confidence: 99%

Perspectives on “Game Changer” Global Challenges for Sustainable 21st Century: Plant-Based Diet, Unavoidable Food Waste Biorefining, and Circular Economy

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Planet Earth is under severe stress from several inter-linked factors mainly associated with rising global population, linear resource consumption, security of resources, unsurmountable waste generation, and social inequality, which unabated will lead to an unsustainable 21st Century. The traditional way products are designed promotes a linear economy that discards recoverable resources and creates negative environmental and social impacts. Here, we suggest multi-disciplinary approaches encompassing chemistry, process engineering and sustainability science, and sustainable solutions in “game changer” challenges in three intersecting arenas of food: Sustainable diet, valorisation of unavoidable food supply chain wastes, and circularity of food value chain systems aligning with the United Nations’ seventeen Sustainable Development Goals. In the arena of sustainable diet, comprehensive life cycle assessment using the global life cycle inventory datasets and recommended daily servings is conducted to rank food choices, covering all food groups from fresh fruits/vegetables, lentils/pulses and grains to livestock, with regard to health and the environment, to emphasise the essence of plant-based diet, especially plant-based sources of protein, for holistic systemic sustainability and stability of the earth system. In the arena of unavoidable food supply chain wastes, economically feasible and synergistically (energy and material) integrated innovative biorefinery systems are suggested to transform unavoidable food waste into functional and platform chemical productions alongside energy vectors: Fuel or combined heat and power generation. In the arena of circularity of food value chain systems, novel materials and methods for plant-based protein functionalisation for food/nutraceutical applications are investigated using regenerative bio-surfactants from unavoidable food waste. This circular economy or industrial symbiosis example thus combines the other two arenas, i.e., plant-based protein sourcing and unavoidable food waste valorisation. The multi-disciplinary analysis here will eventually impact on policies for dietary change, but also contribute knowledge needed by industry and policy makers and raise awareness amongst the population at large for making a better approach to the circular economy of food.

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Novel integrated mechanical biological chemical treatment (MBCT) systems for the production of levulinic acid from fraction of municipal solid waste: A comprehensive techno-economic analysis

Abstract: Abstract:This paper, for the first time, reports integrated conceptual MBCT/biorefinery systems for unlocking the value of organics in municipal solid waste (MSW) through the production of levulinic acid (LA by 5wt%) that increases the economic margin by 110-

Cited by 66 publications

References 20 publications

A multilevel sustainability analysis of zinc recovery from wastes

A multilevel sustainability analysis of zinc recovery from wastes

Carbon2Chem®-CCU as a Step Toward a Circular Economy

Perspectives on “Game Changer” Global Challenges for Sustainable 21st Century: Plant-Based Diet, Unavoidable Food Waste Biorefining, and Circular Economy

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