Novel insights into the genetic diversity and clonal structure of natural trembling aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>Michx.) populations: A transcontinental study

Latutrie, Mathieu; Tóth, Endre Gy.; Bergeron, Yves; Tremblay, Francine

doi:10.1111/jbi.13574

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…Our results suggest that when faced with changing environment conditions, such as salinity stress, species differences may have a larger effect than the changing environmental factors themselves, which has also been observed in studies on the reactions of organisms subjected to fire (Latutrie et al, 2019 ) and chemicals (Avci & Yaman, 2014 ). Our observations between species were reasonable in contrast to the transcriptomic variation of populations within Crassostrea virginica , where two reef‐source populations showed a greater environment effect than genetic effect on gene expression differences in response to different salinity environments (Eierman & Hare, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Adaptive divergence and underlying mechanisms in response to salinity gradients between two Crassostrea oysters revealed by phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses

Zhang

She

et al. 2022

Evolutionary Applications

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Comparing the responses of closely related species to environmental changes is an efficient method to explore adaptive divergence, for a better understanding of the adaptive evolution of marine species under rapidly changing climates. Oysters are keystone species thrive in intertidal and estuarine areas where frequent environmental disturbance occurs including fluctuant salinity. The evolutionary divergence of two sister species of sympatric estuarine oysters, Crassostrea hongkongensis and Crassostrea ariakensis , in response to euryhaline habitats on phenotypes and gene expression, and the relative contribution of species effect, environment effect, and their interaction to the divergence were explored. After a 2‐month outplanting at high‐ and low‐salinity locations in the same estuary, the high growth rate, percent survival, and high tolerance indicated by physiological parameters suggested that the fitness of C. ariakensis was higher under high‐salinity conditions and that of C. hongkongensis was higher under low‐salinity conditions. Moreover, a transcriptomic analysis showed the two species exhibited differentiated transcriptional expression in high‐ and low‐salinity habitats, largely caused by the species effect. Several of the important pathways enriched in divergent genes between species were also salinity‐responsive pathways. Specifically, the pyruvate and taurine metabolism pathway and several solute carriers may contribute to the hyperosmotic adaptation of C. ariakensis , and some solute carriers may contribute to the hypoosmotic adaptation of C. hongkongensis . Our findings provide insights into the phenotypic and molecular mechanisms underlying salinity adaptation in marine mollusks, which will facilitate the assessment of the adaptive capacity of marine species in the context of climate change and will also provide practical information for marine resource conservation and aquaculture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Adaptive divergence and underlying mechanisms in response to salinity gradients between two Crassostrea oysters revealed by phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses

Zhang

She

et al. 2022

Evolutionary Applications

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“…Effects of fire on population-level genetic diversity may differ among species and whether, e.g., species regenerate clonally or through the seed bank. Genetic diversity of Populus tremuloides for instance, has been shown to be negatively associated with fire frequency (Latutrie et al 2019), while genetic diversity of other plant species may be minimally impacted by fire (see Ayre et al 2009;Budde et al 2017 for examples in Australia and Europe). Species-specific traits, or those that vary widely throughout the range (and not captured by the mean, as used here), could yet be important for explaining geographic patterns of genetic diversity in some species.…”

Section: R a F T Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic patterns of genetic diversity in North American trees: a continent-wide analysis

Gougherty

2022

Can. J. For. Res.

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In the northern hemisphere, many species have been reported to have greater genetic diversity in southern populations than northern populations - ostensibly due to migration northward following the last glacial maximum (LGM). The generality of this pattern, while well-established for some taxa, remains unclear for North American trees. To address this issue, I collected published population genetics data for 73 North American tree species, and tested whether genetic diversity was associated with latitude or longitude and whether geographic trends were associated with dispersal traits, range or study characteristics. I found there were no general geographic patterns in genetic diversity, and the strength of the geographic gradients were not associated with any species or study characteristics. Species in the northern and western regions of North America tended to have more species with genetic diversity that declined with latitude, but most species had no significant trend. This work shows that North American trees have complex, individualistic, patterns of genetic diversity that may negate explanation by any particular dispersal trait or range characteristic.

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“…As a consequence, when growing in regions frequented by drought, young triploid trees might outcompete young diploid trees. A cytotype difference in drought resilience could help explain the comparative abundance of triploid clones in the arid regions of North America (Mock et al 2012; but see Latutrie et al (2019)). However, recent studies by Blonder et al (2021), Blonder et al (2022 and (Greer et al 2018) found that triploid mature aspen appear to be more susceptible to drought stress than diploids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic variation rather than ploidy level determines functional trait expression in a foundation tree species in the presence and absence of environmental stress

Lindroth¹,

Flansburg²,

Giezendanner³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background and Aims: At the population level, genetic diversity is a key determinant of a tree species’ capacity to cope with stress. However, little is known about the relative importance of the different components of genetic diversity for tree stress responses. We compared how two sources of genetic diversity, genotype and cytotype (i.e. differences in ploidy levels) influence growth, phytochemical, and physiological traits of Populus tremuloides in the presence and absence of environmental stress. Methods: In a series of field studies, we first assessed variation in traits across diploid and triploid aspen genotypes from Utah and Wisconsin under nonstressed conditions. In two follow-up experiments, we exposed diploid and triploid aspen genotypes from Wisconsin to individual and interactive drought stress and defoliation treatments and quantified trait variations under stress. Key Results: We found that 1) tree growth and associated traits did not differ significantly between ploidy levels under nonstressed conditions. Instead, variation in tree growth and most other traits was driven by genotypic and population differences. 2) Genotypic differences were critical for explaining variation of most of functional traits and their responses to stress. 3) Ploidy level played a subtle role in shaping traits and trait stress responses, as its influence was typically obscured by genotypic differences. 4) As an exception to the third conclusion, we showed that triploid trees expressed minimally higher levels of foliar defenses, photosynthesis, and rubisco activity under well-watered conditions, and displayed slightly greater drought resilience than diploids. Conclusion: Although ploidy level can strongly influence the ecology of tree species, those effects may be relatively small in contrast to the effects of genotypic variation in highly diverse species.

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Novel insights into the genetic diversity and clonal structure of natural trembling aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx.) populations: A transcontinental study

Cited by 7 publications

References 84 publications

Adaptive divergence and underlying mechanisms in response to salinity gradients between two Crassostrea oysters revealed by phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses

Adaptive divergence and underlying mechanisms in response to salinity gradients between two Crassostrea oysters revealed by phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses

Geographic patterns of genetic diversity in North American trees: a continent-wide analysis

Genotypic variation rather than ploidy level determines functional trait expression in a foundation tree species in the presence and absence of environmental stress

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