Novel haloarchaeon Natrinema thermophila having the highest growth temperature among haloarchaea with a large genome size

Abstract

Environmental temperature is one of the most important factors for the growth and survival of microorganisms. Here we describe a novel extremely halophilic archaeon (haloarchaea) designated as strain CBA1119T isolated from solar salt. Strain CBA1119T had the highest maximum and optimal growth temperatures (66 °C and 55 °C, respectively) and one of the largest genome sizes among haloarchaea (5.1 Mb). It also had the largest number of strain-specific pan-genome orthologous groups and unique pathways among members of the genus Natrinema in the class Halobacteria. A dendrogram based on the presence/absence of genes and a phylogenetic tree constructed based on OrthoANI values highlighted the particularities of strain CBA1119T as compared to other Natrinema species and other haloarchaea members. The large genome of strain CBA1119T may provide information on genes that confer tolerance to extreme environmental conditions, which may lead to the discovery of other thermophilic strains with potential applications in industrial biotechnology.

The human gut archaeome: identification of diverse haloarchaea in Korean subjects

“…Information regarding the community-based genetic and functional traits of archaea in animal habitats is scarce. We have previously reported occurrences of diverse members of extremely halophilic archaea (haloarchaea) in avian plumage [13], as well as in food samples such as salt-fermented seafood [14] and solar salts [15,16]. In the human gut where the microbial entities thrive more abundantly than in other parts of the human body, the archaeome consisted mostly of methane-producing archaea (methanogens), of which, members belonging to the orders Methanobacteriales (including Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanosphaera stadtmanae) and Methanomassiliicoccales (including Methanomethylophilaceae) are predominant [17].…”

The human gut archaeome: identification of diverse haloarchaea in Korean subjects

“…Information regarding the community-based genetic and functional traits of archaea in animal habitats is scarce. We have previously reported occurrences of diverse members of extremely halophilic archaea (haloarchaea) in avian plumage [13], as well as in food samples such as salt-fermented seafood [14] and solar salts [15,16]. In the human gut where the microbial entities thrive more abundantly than in other parts of the human body, the archaeome consisted mostly of methane-producing archaea (methanogens), of which, members belonging to the orders Methanobacteriales (i.e.…”

ODFM, an omics data resource from microorganisms associated with fermented foods

“…The ODFM database currently contains 131 complete/draft bacterial genome sequences covering 38 genera with 96 (sub)species, of which 24 (sub)species belong to the genus Lactobacillus 10 , 12 to the genus Leuconostoc 11 – 16 , seven to the genus Acetobacter 17 , six to the genus Staphylococcus 18 , five to the genus Enterococcus , four (sub)species to each of the genera Pediococcus and Weissella 19 , 20 , three to the genus Lactococcus , two (sub)species to each of the genera Brachybacterium , Clostridium , Corynebacterium , and Pseudomonas , and one species to each of the genera Alishewanella 21 , Bacillus 22 , 23 , Brevibacterium , Dietzia , Escherichia , Glutamicibacter , Hafnia , Halomonas , Lentibacillus , Listeria , Megasphaera , Microbacterium , Morganella , Mycetocola , Oceanobacillus , Paracoccus , Pectinatus , Pistricoccus , Propionibacterium , Salimicrobium 24 , Streptococcus , Tetragenococcus , and Vibrio . As for archaea, 38 complete/draft genome sequences of extremely halophilic archaea (19 genera with 36 species) are available, including seven species belonging to the genus Haloarcula 25 , four belonging to the genus Halorubrum 26 , three belonging to each of the genera Haloferax and Natronomonas , two belonging to each of the genera Halapricum 27 , Halobacterium 28 , Halolamina 29 and Haloplanus , and one species belonging to each of the genera Haladaptatus 30 , Halalkalicoccus , Halarchaeum , Halobellus 31 , Halococcus , Halogeometricum , Halopenitus , Halorhabdus , Halostella , Haloterrigena 32 , and Natrinema 33 . As for eukaryotic microorganisms, 28 genome sequences are currently available, including five undesirable white colony-forming yeasts of the species Candida , Hanseniaspora , Kazachstania , Pichia , and Yarrowia .…”