Novel framework for data collection in wireless sensor networks using flying sensors

Abstract

Abstract-This paper proposes a novel framework for data collection from a sensor network using flying sensor nodes. Efficient data communication within the network is a necessity as sensor nodes are usually energy constrained. The proposed framework utilizes the various entities forming the network for a different utility compared to their usual role in sensor networks. Use of flying sensor nodes is usually considered for conventional purpose of sensing and monitoring. Flying sensing nodes are usually utilized collectively in the form of an aerial sensor network, they are not expected to function as a data collection entity, as proposed in this framework. Similarly, cluster heads (CHs) are usually expected to transfer the aggregated data to an adjoining CH or to the base station (BS) directly. In the proposed framework the CH transfers data directly to the flying sensor node, averting the need for energy intensive multi-hop inter-cluster communication to relay information to the BS. The flying sensor node is referred as sensor fly. The limitations of a conventional sensor network deployed on ground surface, in respect to the near ground path loss, and communication hindrance due to undulating terrain are avoided in this framework. The proposed framework is therefore highly suitable for sensor network deployment in inhabitable harsh terrain. Fuzzy logic based inference of the clusters (referred as cluster-hops) that could be covered by the sensor fly, governed by the input parameters has been presented.

Data collection using miniature aerial vehicles in wireless sensor networks

“…The optimum number of clusters in the sensing region can be represented as a circle with the CH at the centre. The number of optimum CHs can be derived as [16] CH opt = N e fs A 2p e amp d n toBS − E Rx elec (1) where N represents the total nodes in the sensing region, d toBS is the distance to the BS from nodes, E Rx elec is the energy consumption of the receiver circuit, and e amp is the energy consumed by transmitter amplifier, A represents the area of the sensing region, and e fs represents the free space radio propagation model. The optimal number of clusters depends on the following network parameters [16]…”

“…This is the first work that explores the potential of using miniature aerial vehicles (MAVs) for collecting data, collectively involving node mobility and in‐network data processing. The underlying framework adopted in this paper has been presented in our preliminary work [1]. The remaining paper has been structured as follows: in Section 2, previous work relating to node mobility and in‐networking data processing has been presented.…”