Novel formulation of antimicrobial peptides enhances antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Faya, Mbuso; Hazzah, Heba A.; Omolo, Calvin A.; Agrawal, Nikhil; Maji, Ruma; Walvekar, Pavan; Mocktar, Chunderika; Nkambule, Bongani B.; Rambharose, Sanjeev; Alberício, Fernando; Torre, Beatriz G. de la; Govender, Thirumala

doi:10.1007/s00726-020-02903-7

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Due to the alarming increase in pathogen resistance to conventional antibiotics and threats to public health worldwide, the exploration of new drugs to treat infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens is urgently needed ( Alfei and Schito, 2020 ). Antimicrobial peptides are a class of small molecular peptides produced by the bodily innate immune system that can resist pathogenic infection and exhibit antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory functions ( Faya et al, 2020 ; Lee et al, 2020 ). Antimicrobial peptides are currently considered as the best alternatives to antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan X Protects Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection, Inhibits Inflammation, and Enhances the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier

et al. 2021

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Escherichia coli can cause intestinal diseases in humans and livestock, destroy the intestinal barrier, exacerbate systemic inflammation, and seriously threaten human health and animal husbandry development. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the antimicrobial peptide mastoparan X (MPX) was effective against E. coli infection. BALB/c mice infected with E. coli by intraperitoneal injection, which represents a sepsis model. In this study, MPX exhibited no toxicity in IPEC-J2 cells and notably suppressed the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released by E. coli. In addition, MPX improved the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin and enhanced the wound healing of IPEC-J2 cells. The therapeutic effect of MPX was evaluated in a murine model, revealing that it protected mice from lethal E. coli infection. Furthermore, MPX increased the length of villi and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the jejunum. SEM and TEM analyses showed that MPX effectively ameliorated the jejunum damage caused by E. coli and increased the number and length of microvilli. In addition, MPX decreased the expression of IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, p-p38, and p-p65 in the jejunum and colon. Moreover, MPX increased the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and MUC2 in the jejunum and colon, improved the function of the intestinal barrier, and promoted the absorption of nutrients. This study suggests that MPX is an effective therapeutic agent for E. coli infection and other intestinal diseases, laying the foundation for the development of new drugs for bacterial infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan X Protects Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection, Inhibits Inflammation, and Enhances the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier

et al. 2021

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“…These nanocarriers are widely used for anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial treatments [ 72 ]. It was reported that liposomes loaded with AMPs were prepared through the filming–rehydration method, and drug release assay results showed that liposomes could facilitate the sustained release of peptides and facilitate membrane penetration ( Figure 3 B) [ 40 ].…”

Section: Advances In Nanosystems For Amps Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( A ) Improvement strategies in liposomes adapted from [ 85 ]. ( B ) Liposomes with AMPs facilitate a sustained release rate adapted from [ 40 ]. ( C ) Micelles with AMPs avoid peptide self-aggregation adapted from [ 41 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these are presented in Table 1 , Table 2 and Table 3 . These include liposomes [ 40 ], micelles [ 41 ], dendrimers [ 42 ], polymeric nanoparticles [ 43 ], liquid crystalline systems [ 44 ], hydrogels [ 45 ], nanofibres [ 46 ], microspheres [ 47 ], metal nanocrystalline materials [ 48 ], mesoporous silica nanoparticles [ 49 ], carbon nanotubes [ 50 ], and quantum dots [ 51 ]. In this review, the nanodelivery systems applied to AMPs and the mechanisms of transferring them to the disease site will be outlined and discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances and Challenges in Nanodelivery Systems for Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs)

Tang

Chen

et al. 2021

Antibiotics

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can be used as alternative therapeutic agents to traditional antibiotics. These peptides have abundant natural template sources and can be isolated from animals, plants, and microorganisms. They are amphiphilic and mostly net positively charged, and they have a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on bacteria, fungi, and viruses. AMPs possess significant rapid killing effects and do not interact with specific receptors on bacterial surfaces. As a result, drug resistance is rarely observed with treatments. AMPs, however, have some operational problems, such as a susceptibility to enzymatic (protease) degradation, toxicity in vivo, and unclear pharmacokinetics. However, nanodelivery systems loaded with AMPs provide a safe mechanism of packaging such peptides before they exert their antimicrobial actions, facilitate targeted delivery to the sites of infection, and control the release rate of peptides and reduce their toxic side effects. However, nanodelivery systems using AMPs are at an early stage of development and are still in the laboratory phase of development. There are also some challenges in incorporating AMPs into nanodelivery systems. Herein, an insight into the nanotechnology challenges in delivering AMPs, current advances, and remaining technological challenges are discussed in depth.

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“…For example, liposomal AMPs combined with vancomycin exhibited improved activity against intracellular MRSA; after selecting AMPs with high antimicrobial activity, the selected peptides were lipidated, combined with model membranes (liposomes), and tested for intracellular activity against MRSA infecting human embryonic kidney epithelial cells in culture (HEK−293). They possessed good cell penetration to act against the intracellular MRSA; in addition, there was sustained release for the AMPs with a consequent improvement in the bioavailability [ 116 ].…”

Section: Asa With Ampsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Polymer−Based Assemblies: A Review

Carmona-Ribeiro

Araújo

2021

IJMS

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An antimicrobial supramolecular assembly (ASA) is conspicuous in biomedical applications. Among the alternatives to overcome microbial resistance to antibiotics and drugs, ASAs, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and polymers (APs), provide formulations with optimal antimicrobial activity and acceptable toxicity. AMPs and APs have been delivered by a variety of carriers such as nanoparticles, coatings, multilayers, hydrogels, liposomes, nanodisks, lyotropic lipid phases, nanostructured lipid carriers, etc. They have similar mechanisms of action involving adsorption to the cell wall, penetration across the cell membrane, and microbe lysis. APs, however, offer the advantage of cheap synthetic procedures, chemical stability, and improved adsorption (due to multipoint attachment to microbes), as compared to the expensive synthetic routes, poor yield, and subpar in vivo stability seen in AMPs. We review recent advances in polymer−based antimicrobial assemblies involving AMPs and APs.

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Novel formulation of antimicrobial peptides enhances antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Cited by 23 publications

References 78 publications

The Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan X Protects Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection, Inhibits Inflammation, and Enhances the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier

The Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan X Protects Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection, Inhibits Inflammation, and Enhances the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier

Recent Advances and Challenges in Nanodelivery Systems for Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs)

Antimicrobial Polymer−Based Assemblies: A Review

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