Novel ferromagnetism and negative magnetoresistance in BaBiO3 nanoparticles

Bi-doped BaBiO3 (x = 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) perovskite oxides by a sol–gel method: comprehensive biological assessment and RhB photodegradation

“…5b), which is different from the previously reported values in the range of 1.81 eV to 2.25 eV in ref. 23 and 19. These high values can be explained by the presence of BaCO 3 with a gap of 5.51 eV.…”

“…The decomposition of malachite green dye followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. This bismuthate was synthesized by Shilna et al 19 via the sol–gel technique using barium nitrate (Ba(NO 3 ) 2 ) and bismuth nitrate (Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O) dissolved in ethylene glycol and they performed magnetic and resistivity measurements, indicating the presence of ferromagnetic domains. The research by Gao et al 34 revealed that the structural monoclinic BaBiO 3 phase had optical band gaps between 2.07 and 1.81 eV.…”

“…Alternatively, BaBiO 3 , since it was rst manufactured in 1993, has attracted continuous interest from scientists. 18 It is an oxide from the ABO 3 perovskites class, possessing interconnected BiO 6 octahedra 19 and a structured arrangement of bismuth ions. According to X-ray and neutron diffraction data, 20 the crystalline structure of the BaBiO 3 perovskite can be duplicated (Ba 2 Bi 3+ Bi 5+ O 6 ), comprising of bismuth in two valence states, i.e., Bi 3+ and Bi 5+ .…”