Novel eutectoid Ti-5Ni alloy fabricated via direct energy deposition

Insights into Phase Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of the Eutectoid Ti–6.4(wt%)Ni Alloy Modified with Fe and Cr

“…In case of the binary-as well as the Fe-modified alloy, complete transformation to α phase and Ti 2 Ni phase is predicted. [21,22,26] In case of the Cr-modified alloy variant, the introduction of an ordered variant of the β phase (β o ) is suggested by thermodynamic calculation, which is in agreement with ref. [27].…”

“…and anisotropy. Zhang et al [16] used Cu additions, but similar effects have been demonstrated using Fe, [17][18][19][20] Ni, [19,21,22] and Co. [23] The transition metals mentioned before belong to the group of β-eutectoid-forming elements when added to Ti. [1,24] Upon heat treatment below the eutectoid temperature, the β-phase decomposes into α phase and various intermetallic phases with different stoichiometry and crystallography.…”

“…Recently, several works explored the introduction of transition metals into titanium alloys. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Zhang et al [16] suggested that alloying elements with pronounced partitioning behavior into the remaining melt during solidification and a steep liquidus curve provide a high growth restriction factor, resulting in grain refinement and a strong reduction of texture DOI: 10.1002/adem.202300177 Titanium alloys gain increasing importance in industry due to the expansion of advanced manufacturing technologies such as additive manufacturing. Conventional titanium alloys processed by such technologies suffer from formation of large primary grains and anisotropy of mechanical properties.…”

“…[24] As a result of the created microstructure, varying effects on the mechanical properties are observed. Due to the potential for grain refinement upon solidification [19,21] and the option to form intermetallic phases (in reasonable times, that is, by using an active eutectoid-forming element), [26] Ni was chosen as major alloying element in the present study.…”

“…Recently, several works explored the introduction of transition metals into titanium alloys. [ 16–23 ] Zhang et al [ 16 ] suggested that alloying elements with pronounced partitioning behavior into the remaining melt during solidification and a steep liquidus curve provide a high growth restriction factor, resulting in grain refinement and a strong reduction of texture and anisotropy. Zhang et al [ 16 ] used Cu additions, but similar effects have been demonstrated using Fe, [ 17–20 ] Ni, [ 19,21,22 ] and Co. [ 23 ]…”