“…HRA and HRD were scored as the fastest and slowest beats per minute, respectively, during the periods indicated above (e.g., Mothersill et al, 1986). Charting of response extremes ensured that the probability of registering both phases of cardiac activity (e.g., Eves & Gruzelier, 1984;Obrist, 1981) would be maximized (Galambos, 1978;Gumbel, 1958). Phasic fluctuations in these components previously have been demonstrated in situations of threat (e.g., Deane, 1969;Dronsejko, 1972).…”