Novel ecosustainable peat and oil shale ash-based 3D-printable composite material

Liiv, Jüri; Teppand, Tõnis; Rikmann, Ergo; Tenno, Toomas

doi:10.1016/j.susmat.2018.e00067

Cited by 12 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Oil shale ashes or similar ashes from coal or lignite power plants are available in several regions worldwide. A combination of peat organic matter and oil shale ashes provide excellent properties of thermal resistance, bending stress, and compressive strength (around 1.2 MPa) thus can be used as a construction material [115]. Nevertheless, it is recommended to monitor the concentration of trace elements and leaching parameters in vicinity of surface waters if oil shale ashes are used in road construction [116].…”

Section: Solving the Problem Of Oil Shale Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Sustainable Soil Stabilization in Peatlands: Secondary Raw Materials as an Alternative

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Implementation of construction works on weak (e.g., compressible, collapsible, expansive) soils such as peatlands often is limited by logistics of equipment and shortage of available and applicable materials. If preloading or floating roads on geogrid reinforcement or piled embankments cannot be implemented, then soil stabilization is needed. Sustainable soil stabilization in an environmentally friendly way is recommended instead of applying known conventional methods such as pure cementing or excavation and a single replacement of soils. Substitution of conventional material (cement) and primary raw material (lime) with secondary raw material (waste and byproducts from industries) corresponds to the Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations, preserves resources, saves energy, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Besides traditional material usage, soil stabilization is achievable through various secondary raw materials (listed according to their groups and subgroups): 1. thermally treated waste products: 1.1. ashes from agriculture production; 1.2. ashes from energy production; 1.3. ashes from various manufacturing; 1.4. ashes from waste processing; 1.5. high carbon content pyrolysis products; 2. untreated waste and new products made from secondary raw materials: 2.1. waste from municipal waste biological treatment and landfills; 2.2. waste from industries; 3. new products made from secondary raw materials: 3.1. composite materials. Efficient solutions in environmental engineering may eliminate excessive amounts of waste and support innovation in the circular economy for sustainable future.

show abstract

Section: Solving the Problem Of Oil Shale Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Sustainable Soil Stabilization in Peatlands: Secondary Raw Materials as an Alternative

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For T10 and T11 had a smaller CSH paste content, the crystallization of alkali feldspars progresse rapidly, whereas it was delayed in T17. The crystallization of alkali feldspars has al observed in our previous work aiming to produce 3D-printable peat-ash compos struction material [16]. The full-amorphous phase (which includes both organic m well as a fraction of CSH paste) was relatively evenly presented among all samples was present in T17 only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Moreover, fulvic acids selectively associate with aluminum-bearing mineral particles, inhibiting the hydration of aluminates and impeding crystallization hydration products [14]. Leaching of organic acids from peat may reduce the pH of the mixture, decreasing the solubility of siliceous species and therefore hindering formation of calcium (aluminum) silicate hydrate (C(A)SH) gels [7,16]. If the pH of the pore water is below 9, secondary cementation products cannot form [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oil shale ash has been used in a mixture with Portland cement in Estonia for road construction using the mass stabilization technique and could also be used in peaty areas [11]. Earlier studies have concluded that ash from a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) firing process would need a sophisticated approach for use as a binder agent for the soil stabilization purposes, because of its low free lime content and low pozzolanic activity [16]. The CFB firing is a newer technology for incineration of kukersite oil-shale in Estonian thermal power plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mass stabilization technology would be successfully applied by using CFB ash and peat. This hypothesis is also based on the experience of development of an environmentally friendly peat-ash composite building material [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationship between Phase Composition and Mechanical Properties of Peat Soils Stabilized Using Oil Shale Ash and Pozzolanic Additive

Rikmann

Zekker

Teppand

et al. 2021

Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Construction of road embankments in peatlands commonly involves replacement of the peat with a fill-up soil of an adequate load-bearing capacity. This usually requires a lowering of the water level, turning a peatland from a carbon sink to a source of greenhouse gases. Thus, alternatives are sought that are less costly in both economic and ecological terms. Mass-stabilization technology can provide a cheap substitute for Portland cement. Calcareous ashes (waste materials), supplemented with pozzolanic and alkali additives to facilitate and accelerate the setting and hardening processes, are attractive alternatives to soil excavation or replacement techniques. Silica fume and waterglass were used as pozzolanic agents and KOH as a soil-alkalizing agent. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and stress–strain tests were performed for the hardened samples. Crystallization of alkali feldspars was observed in all test samples. Comparable hardening of peat soil was achieved for both ashes. It was shown that the ashes of Estonian kukersite (oil shale) from both pulverized firing and a circulating fluidized bed incineration process (produced in energy sector as quantitatively major solid waste in Estonia) can be used as binding agents for peat stabilization, even without the addition of Portland cement. Hardened peat soil samples behaved as a ductile material, and the cellulose fibers naturally present in peat gave the peat–ash composite plasticity, acting mechanically in the same way as the steel or glass fiber in ordinary reinforced concrete. The effect of peat fiber reinforcement was higher in cases of higher load and displacement of the composite, making the material usable in ecological constructions.

show abstract

Effects of 3D Printing on Clay Permeability and Strength

Carr

Ghayoomi

et al. 2023

Transp Porous Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Novel ecosustainable peat and oil shale ash-based 3D-printable composite material

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Towards Sustainable Soil Stabilization in Peatlands: Secondary Raw Materials as an Alternative

Towards Sustainable Soil Stabilization in Peatlands: Secondary Raw Materials as an Alternative

Relationship between Phase Composition and Mechanical Properties of Peat Soils Stabilized Using Oil Shale Ash and Pozzolanic Additive

Effects of 3D Printing on Clay Permeability and Strength

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About