Novel DOPO-based flame retardants in high-performance carbon fibre epoxy composites for aviation

Perret, Birgit; Schartel, Bernhard; Stöß, Kai; Ciesielski, Michael; Diederichs, Jan; Döring, Manfred; Krämer, Johannes; Altstädt, Volker

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.02.008

Cited by 331 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…W literaturze jest ono oznaczane symbolem ILSS (Interlaminar Shear Strength). Do wyznaczania ILSS najczęściej stosuje się próbę trój-punktowego zginania krótkiej belki (Short Beam Test) przy niewielkim stosunku odległości pomiędzy podporami do wysokości próbki (l/h = 5), albo rozciąganie próbek pod kątem 45° w stosunku do ułożenia włókien w kompozycie [9][10][11][12]. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad określe-niem wpływu zastosowanego wzmocnienia w postaci włó-kien szklanych, węglowych lub aramidowych na wytrzymałość na ścinanie laminatów epoksydowych wraz z analizą lokalnych odkształceń oraz wyznaczeniem podstawowych stałych materiałowych za pomocą systemu Aramis.…”

Section: Abstract: Aramis Composites Sheare Strength Materials Consunclassified

Aramis application for measuring of three-dimensional local strain of composites

Oliwa

2015

Mechanik

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Section: Abstract: Aramis Composites Sheare Strength Materials Consunclassified

Aramis application for measuring of three-dimensional local strain of composites

Oliwa

2015

Mechanik

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“…Its widely used as a matrix for encapsulating material, electrical and/or electronic parts and so on [1][2]. Despite epoxy resins have these excellent properties, its outstanding application value is restricted by its flammability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a Self-intumescent Flame Retardant of Branched Polyphosphoramide and Its Performance for Epoxy Resins

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Li³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 6th International Conference on Measurement, Instrumentation and Automation (ICMIA 2017)

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Abstract.A novel self-intumescent flame retardant of branched polyphosphoramide (BPCDC), was synthesized by the solution polymerization. The chemical structure of BPCDC has been demonstrated by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the flame-retardant properties of EP/BPCDC composites was investigated by vertical burning (UL-94), limiting oxygen index (LOI), and the cone calorimeter (CONE) test. The results rereveal that the BPCDC could effectively improve the flame-retardant performance of EP, When the 15 wt % BPCDC loading, the EP composite reached an LOI value of 32.9 % and a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test, and the peak of heat release rate and total heat release value was decreased by 54.8 % and 42.7%, respectively. The flame retardancy properties of EP/BPCDC composites with APP was also investigated, and the test results rereveal that BPCDC have a synergistic effect with APP in flame-retardant epoxy resins.

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“…(Perret, Schartel et al et al 2011) Both DOPI and DOPP showed effective gas and condensed phase actions by promoting char formation in RTM6 and CFR. A synergism for CFR/DOPI was found in LOI results.…”

Section: Scheme 1-13 Structures Of Pdms and Possmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…and Denchev et al 2009, Perret, Schartel et al et al 2011, Zang, Wagner et al et al 2011, Liang, Cao et al et al 2013, Ménard, Negrell et al et al 2015, Xu, Zhao et al et al 2015, Zhao, Liu et al et al 2015 DOPO-based curatives, as shown in Scheme 1-26, were reported to cure o-cresol formaldehyde novolac epoxy and DGEBA. (Cho, Fu et al et al 1998, Wang and Lin et al 1999, Nakamura, Asano et al et al 2003) DGEBA cured with the DOPO-based amide compound shown in Scheme 1-26 had a 32% char residue at 700 o C under N 2 and the LOI value was 30 % (Wang and Lin et al 1999).…”

Section: Os3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of the requirements of industrial processes, a high loading with these flame retardants always increases the viscosity of and DOPI in CFR. (Perret et al 2011) In this chapter, the use of FP1 to develop a novel flame retardant for CFR is discussed. The influence of FP1 on the processing of resin transfer molding was investigated using rheological tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Halogen-free phosphorus-containing flameretardant epoxy composites

Zhao¹

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Epoxy resins are widely applied in transportation, aerospace, electrical and electronic (EE) industrial sectors due to their excellent properties, such as mechanical strength, chemical and heat resistance, adhesiveness and electrical insulation. Nevertheless, flammability is one paramount disadvantage of epoxy-based materials in most applications.As a result of the current concern for the environment and the human health, halogen-free phosphorous-containing flame retardants (P-FRs) are considered to be the most promising additives to enhance the fire resistance of epoxy materials for industrial applications. Within this context, the main objectives of this doctoral thesis were four.The first one was to synthesize and characterize P-FRs with varied phosphorous' (P') chemical environments in the molecular structures. The second one was that investigate the impact of P' chemical environment in P-FRs on flame retardancy of epoxy and epoxy/carbon fiber composites with P-FRs. The third one was that understand the impact of P' chemical environment on the flame-retardant mechanism of P-FRs in the gas and the condensed phases of the epoxy, respectively. Finally, the thermal stability and mechanical properties of flame-retardant epoxy and epoxy/carbon fiber composites were studied.Following these objectives, the synthesis and characterization of two series of P- Chapter 5 summarizes the flame-retardant mechanisms of the two series of P-FRs in epoxy that were assessed from both gas and condensed phases via investigating the thermal decomposition behaviors of P-FRs and epoxy with P-FRs, respectively. The thermal phenomena in epoxy with P-FRs during the combustion were investigated via recording surface and near-to-surface temperatures in the UL 94 test. Flame-retardant mechanisms were proposed for the two series P-FRs in epoxy based on the results.Finally, flame-retardant RTM 6/carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFR) were developed based on the results in the previous chapters and the overall results are presented in Chapter 6. Flame-retardant CFR were prepared by resin transfer moulding.The rheological, mechanical properties and flame retardancy of flame-retardant CFR were studied with different tests. In particular, the combustion of the CFR and of the RTM6 epoxy matrix were compared and analyzed as well as the interlaminar shear strength and in-plane shear strength of CFR with and without flame retardants. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFirstly, I would like to acknowledge my supervisors, Dr.

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Novel DOPO-based flame retardants in high-performance carbon fibre epoxy composites for aviation

Cited by 331 publications

References 24 publications

Aramis application for measuring of three-dimensional local strain of composites

Aramis application for measuring of three-dimensional local strain of composites

Synthesis of a Self-intumescent Flame Retardant of Branched Polyphosphoramide and Its Performance for Epoxy Resins

Halogen-free phosphorus-containing flameretardant epoxy composites

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