Novel Degradable Polymeric Composite Balls for Hydraulic Fracturing

Abstract

Degradable polymeric balls are becoming popular in well completions especially for hydraulic fracturing applications. Commercial degradable polymeric frac balls, however, are not suitable for high-temperature plug-and-perf applications due to the low glass transition (Tg) temperature of the base polymer. At the application temperature above Tg these commercial degradable polymeric frac balls become too soft and their mechanical integrity is compromised. This paper describes the application of a new degradable polymer composite frac ball made from a thermosetting polymer with (Tg) >500°F for use in hydraulic fracturing applications. This degradable polymer composite is good for a temperature envelope of 200°F to 350°F and differential pressures up to 10,000 psi for fracturing applications. Multiple Pressure and impact tests were performed on the frac balls made from this material to demonstrate that the material had mechanical properties that would withstand the application requirements. Differential pressure tests were conducted on two types of ball seats at different temperatures. Frac balls were tested for plug-and-perf application on ball seats with a conical engagement.