Novel Contamination and Gas Sensor Materials from Amphiphilic Polymer-Grafted Carbon Black

Morohashi, Haruo; Nakanoya, T.; Iwata, Hiromitsu; Yamauchi, Takeshi; Tsubokawa, Norio

doi:10.1295/polymj.pj2005157

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…To date, the fascinating behavior of PNIPAM-based polymers 6,7 has been exploited in a wide range of applications, including cell culture, 8,9 tissue engineering, 10,11 filtration membranes, 12,13 medical diagnostic, 14,15 controlled delivery, 16,17 and sensing, 13,18 for instance. Many of these applications require the covalent immobilization of PNIPAM chains on a solid substrate in order to achieve reversible and permanent control over surface properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the fascinating behavior of PNIPAM-based polymers , has been exploited in a wide range of applications, including cell culture, , tissue engineering, , filtration membranes, , medical diagnostic, , controlled delivery, , and sensing, , for instance. Many of these applications require the covalent immobilization of PNIPAM chains on a solid substrate in order to achieve reversible and permanent control over surface properties. , In this case, the preservation of the bulk temperature-dependent properties, on one side, and the magnitude of the phase transition, on the other side, are two key aspects that must be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Thin Films Densely Grafted onto Gold Surface: Preparation, Characterization, and Dynamic AFM Study of Temperature-Induced Chain Conformational Changes

et al. 2008

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Thermally responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) films are attracting considerable attention since they offer the possibility to achieve reversible control over surface wettability and biocompatibility. In this paper, we first report a new and simple method for the grafting under melt of amine-terminated PNIPAM chains onto gold surfaces modified with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of reactive thiols. The formation of homogeneous tethered PNIPAM films, whose thickness can be tuned by adjusting polymer molecular weight or SAM reactivity, is evidenced by using the combination of ellipsometry, X-ray photon spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS), and atomic force microscopy. The calculation of grafting parameters from experimental measurements indicated the synthesis of densely grafted PNIPAM films and allowed us to predict a "brushlike" regime for the chains in good solvent. In a second part, the temperature-induced responsive properties are studied in situ by conducting dynamic AFM measurements using the amplitude modulation technique. Imaging in water environment first revealed the reversible modification of surface morphology below and above the theoretical lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM. Then, the determination of amplitude and phase approach curves at various temperatures provided direct measurement of the evolution of the damping factor, or similarly the dissipated energy, as a function of the probe indentation into the PNIPAM film. Most interestingly, we clearly showed the subtle and progressive thermally induced chain conformational change occurring at the scale of several nanometers around the expected LCST.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Thin Films Densely Grafted onto Gold Surface: Preparation, Characterization, and Dynamic AFM Study of Temperature-Induced Chain Conformational Changes

et al. 2008

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“…Surface nanostructuring by grafting functional polymers to a substrate surface is a surface modification approach that has been shown to enhance the chemical functionality and alter the surface topology of native inorganic and organic materials. Surfaces modified with grafted polymers have demonstrated anti-fouling characteristics in separation membranes, − high chemical selectivity in chemical sensors, − and surface lubricating properties. , In such applications, the grafted polymer phase, composed of nanoscale single-molecule chains covalently and terminally bound to a substrate, serves to impart unique material properties to the substrate while maintaining the chemical and physical integrity of the native surface. Moreover, the grafted chains remain attached to the surface even when exposed to a solvent in which the polymer is completely miscible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic Surface Nanostructuring by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Induced Graft Polymerization

et al. 2007

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Surface graft polymerization of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone onto a silicon surface was accomplished by atmospheric pressure (AP) hydrogen plasma surface activation followed by graft polymerization in both N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and in an NMP/water solvent mixture. The formation of initiation sites was controlled by the plasma exposure period, radio frequency (rf) power, and adsorbed surface water. The surface number density of active sites was critically dependent on the presence of adsorbed surface water with a maximum observed at approximately a monolayer surface water coverage. The surface topology and morphology of the grafted polymer layer depended on the solvent mixture composition, initial monomer concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time. Grafted polymer surfaces prepared in pure NMP resulted in a polymer feature spacing of as low as 5-10 nm (average feature diameter of about 17 nm), an rms surface roughness range of 0.18-0.72 nm, and a maximum grafted polymer layer thickness of 5.5 nm. Graft polymerization in an NMP/water solvent mixture, however, resulted in polymer feature sizes that increased up to a maximum average feature diameter of about 90 nm at [NMP] = 60% (v/v) with polymer feature spacing in the range of 10-50 nm. The surface topology of the polymer-modified silicon surfaces grafted in an NMP/water solvent mixture exhibited a bimodal feature height distribution. In constrast, graft polymerization in pure NMP resulted in a narrow feature height distribution of smaller-diameter surface features with smaller surface spacing. The results demonstrated that, with the present approach, the topology of the grafted polymer surface was tunable by adjusting the NMP/water ratio. The present surface graft polymerization method, which is carried out under AP conditions, is particularly advantageous for polymer surface structuring via radical polymerization and can, in principle, be scaled to large surfaces.

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“…[20][21][22][23] In this paper, to improve the dispersibility of CMC in solvents and polymer matrices, we investigated the grafting of PEG onto CMC surface by the direct condensation of carboxyl groups in the presence of DCC or Sc(OTf) 3 as shown in Scheme 1. In addition, the grafting of polymers during the cationic polymerization of initiated by carboxyl groups on CMC was examined as shown in Scheme 2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting of Polymers onto Carbon Microcoil by Use of Carboxyl Groups on the Surface and Electric Properties of Conductive Composite Prepared from Silicone Rubber with the Polymer-Grafted Carbon Microcoil

Morohashi

Takahashi

Nishida

et al. 2007

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Carboxyl groups were successfully introduced on carbon microcoil (CMC) surface by the treatment with nitric acid. The carboxyl group content increased with increasing reaction time and reached to 1.34 mmol/g after 10 h. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was grafted onto the CMC surface by the reaction of carboxyl groups with terminal hydroxyl groups of PEG in the presence of condensing agent such as N,N 0 -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or Lewis acid catalyst such as scandium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate. Carboxyl groups on CMC surface have ability to initiate the cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers, such as isobutyl vinyl ether and N-vinylcarbazole and the corresponding polymers were grafted onto the surface. By grafting of polymers onto the surface, the entanglement of CMC was effectively destroyed and polymer-grafted CMC uniformly dispersed in good solvents for grafted polymer and silicone rubber. The inductance, capacitance, and resistance of conductive composite prepared from polymer-grafted CMC responded to acetone vapor. The inductance of the composite from polymer-grafted CMC increased in acetone vapor, and returned to initial value when it was transferred into air. The capacitance and resistance of the composite decreased in acetone vapor, and returned to initial value when it was transferred into air.

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Novel Contamination and Gas Sensor Materials from Amphiphilic Polymer-Grafted Carbon Black

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Thin Films Densely Grafted onto Gold Surface: Preparation, Characterization, and Dynamic AFM Study of Temperature-Induced Chain Conformational Changes

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Thin Films Densely Grafted onto Gold Surface: Preparation, Characterization, and Dynamic AFM Study of Temperature-Induced Chain Conformational Changes

Inorganic Surface Nanostructuring by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Induced Graft Polymerization

Grafting of Polymers onto Carbon Microcoil by Use of Carboxyl Groups on the Surface and Electric Properties of Conductive Composite Prepared from Silicone Rubber with the Polymer-Grafted Carbon Microcoil

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