Novel combined MOD‐P multiband antenna structures inspired by fractal geometries

Abstract

ceramic substrate is about 5.91 dB; however, the out-of-band attenuation values were below 24 dB in the lower-frequency region, and below 10 dB in the higher-frequency region. The compactness of the circuit size makes the cross-coupled filters using microstrip miniaturized hairpin resonators and high-permittivity ceramic substrates an attractive design for further development and applications in modern communication systems. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

New multiband asymmetric top-loaded mod-p antenna for terrestrial and satellite communication services

“…However, by including a new fractal iteration the spacing between bands keeps constant; that is, for instance, for the mod-3 antenna the spacing between resonances is three for any fractal iteration. In order to add new resonances to the antenna, and also to change the spacing between the new resonances, combined mod-p structures were introduced in [2][3]. Mod-p monopole antennas feature similar omnidirectional patterns across the antenna resonances.…”

Single and Double Layer Planar Multiband PIFAs

“…(i) Fractal or Sierpinski Gasket Antennas over ground planes [2], [3], [4] and in [5] where fractalization has been used to achieve size reduction. (ii)…”