Novel Biomarkers in Determining Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis

Abstract

Abstract:The clinical behavior and molecular pathology of prostate cancer is highly variable. Current "traditional" prognostic markers cannot reliably distinguish the potentially life-threatening cancer from indolent cancer. Identification of additional new predictors of cancer aggressiveness is therefore urgently required. This communication is aimed at a brief review of new biomarkers in prostate cancer diagnostics and prognostics. Pubmed systematic search was performed to collect both original and review articles addressing prostate cancer prognostic biomarkers using key words genetics, prostate cancer, biomarkers and prognosis. The development of molecular and immunohistochemical methods enabled the identification of potential biomarkers in relation to diagnosis and prognosis. Numerous promising markers and approaches have been identified. Some of these markers may be translated into clinical practice after verification in larger prospective trials in future and can help to determine diagnosis and prognosis of CaP more accurately.

Current look at the most promising proteomic and glycomic biomarkers of bladder cancer

“…Namely, S100A9 (AUC—0.957; SN 92.3%; SP 83.6%) and Annexin V (AUC—0.921; SN 90.4%; SP 80.0%) showed the greatest promise, however, Yasar et al reported no difference between serum levels of S100A8 and S100A9 in the study or control group (Yasar et al 2017 ). These markers show promise in research of prostate cancer (Novakova et al 2014 ; Grebhardt et al 2014 ). In the later study, Calprotectin serum levels were significantly elevated in the whole study group if compared to controls, although without the possibility of stratifying patients based on stage or grade.…”