Novel bioactive glass based injectable bone cement with improved osteoinductivity and its in vivo evaluation

Abstract

Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the development of a new generation of injectable bone cements that are bioactive, biodegradable and are able to have appropriate mechanical properties for treatment of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). In this study, a novel PSC/CS composite cement with high content of PSC (a phytic acid-derived bioactive glass) was prepared and evaluated in both vitro and vivo. The PSC/CS cement showed excellent injectability, good resistance to disintegration, radiopacity and suitable mechanical properties. The in vitro test showed that the cement was bioactive, biocompatible and could maintain its shape sustainably, which made it possible to provide a long-term mechanical support for bone regeneration. Radiography, microcomputed tomography and histology of critical sized rabbit femoral condyle defects implanted with the cements proved the resorption and osteoinductivity of the cement. Compared with the PMMA and CSPC, there were more osteocyte and trabeculae at the Bone-Cement interface in the group PSC/CS cement. The volume of the residual bone cement suggested that PSC/CS had certain ability of degradation and the resorption rate was much lower than that of the CSPC cement. Together, the results indicated that the cement was a promising bone cement to treat the VCFs.

Novel Osteogenic Behaviors around Hydrophilic and Radical-Free 4-META/MMA-TBB: Implications of an Osseointegrating Bone Cement

“…One approach has been to add a bioactive agent. Peri-cement bone formation and/or in vitro osteoblastic responses have been improved with bioactive glass [51][52][53][54][55][56], hydroxyapatite [57], or other calcium-containing molecules [58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. These studies adopted the strategy of literally adding bioactivity to bone cement materials via additives, but this approach does not fundamentally improve material biocompatibility.…”

Spine Intervention—An Update on Injectable Biomaterials

“…A recent study has introduced injectable bioactive glass bone cement with improved osteoinductivity, suitable mechanical properties, and degradability demonstrated in vivo. Compared to conventional cements made of PMMA or CP-based composite, the bioactive glass cement led to improved bone regeneration in critical-sized rabbit femoral condylar bone defects (Figure 3) [38].…”

“…The bioactive glass cement led to improved bone regeneration in a critical-sized rabbit femoral condylar bone defects compared to those of PMMA and CP based cement. Reproduced from Zhu et al [38], licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This figure is available in colour online at http://carjonline.org/.…”

“…The problem of lack of permanent structural support after augmentation was seen during patient follow-up [35]. To solve this issue, CSC was combined with CPC which has slower degradation rate, but the rate of resorption was still too fast ( Figure 3) [38].…”

Healing potentials of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement combined with platelet gel in the critical-sized radial bone defect of rats

“…Despite of these beneficial characteristics, PMMA is associated with some disadvantages such as poor osteointegration and minimal bone attachment effect that should be augmented biologically [ 4 , 8 ]. In addition, this self-curing acrylic polymer has no adhesive properties to bone surfaces and no bioactivity [ 9 ].…”