Novel Binary Solvents-Dispersive Liquid—Liquid Microextraction (BS-DLLME) Method for Determination of Patulin in Apple Juice Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Maham, Mehdi; Karami-Osboo, Rouhollah; Kiarostami, Vahid; Waqif-Husain, Syed

doi:10.1007/s12161-012-9483-6

Cited by 43 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Mycotoxins are secondary abiotic hazard metabolite produced by fungi in the contaminated foods [ 1 , 2 ]. The toxins may form on fields or during the storage or even processing of the foods [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patulin contamination in apple products marketed in Shiraz, Southern Iran

et al. 2017

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Background and Purpose:Patulin is one of the important mycotoxins, produced by a wide range of molds, including Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Bysochlamys. Patulin is mainly found in the rotten parts of fruits and vegetables, such as apples, pears, peach, apricots, and grapes. Currently, the Codex Alimentarius and Food and Drug Administration have recommended a maximum level of 50 µg/L patulin for apple products. The purpose of this study was to investigate patulin contamination of apple juice and cans in 75 samples collected from 15 manufacturers in Shiraz, southern Iran.Materials and Methods:The detection of patulin was accomplished using a high-performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector.Results:A total of 38 apple juice samples (53%) and 17 apple cans (45%) were contaminated with patulin. Overall 50% and 3% of the apple juice and apple cans samples had a patulin level of > 3 µg/L.Conclusion:Although the maximum level of patulin in our samples was considerably lower than the permitted level established by the European Union (i.e., 50 µg/L), the high incidence of this mycotoxin in our samples should be lessen by improving their good manufacturing practice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patulin has been recognized as a health-threatening substance in several countries. Patulin is reported more frequently in apple products among other different fruit products [ 1 ]. Currently, the Alimentarius and Food and Drug Administration have recommended a maximum level of 50 µg/L patulin for apple products [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patulin contamination in apple products marketed in Shiraz, Southern Iran

et al. 2017

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“…For instance, the use of two or three extractor solvents has been implemented by several authors. [28][29][30][31][32] Such modifications can notably improve the extraction of organic polar analytes, which is difficult to achieve by employing the conventional LLE procedures because of the difficulty of finding an adequate solvent system. Wang et al 29 employed 100 µL of chloroform:undecanol (1:1) for the determination of nicotine (log Kow 1.17) and cotinine (log Kow 0.07) in urine using DLLME with the solidification of a floating organic drop (SFO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binary Solvent Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Pesticides in Natural Water Samples

Estevão¹,

Peralta‐Zamora²,

Nagata³

2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A binary solvent dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (BS-DLLME) technique was developed for simultaneous determination of diuron, teflubenzuron, atrazine, and two of its metabolites (desisopropylatrazine and desethylatrazine) in natural waters. The extraction was investigated using a three components mixture design to determine the best ratio between the extractors (dichloromethane and chloroform) and the disperser solvent (acetonitrile). According to the analysis of variance, empirical response surfaces were obtained for each analyte, correlating the absolute recovery and the mixture composition. The analysis of the overlapping surfaces allowed the detection of the best condition for the analytes extraction: 481 µL of chloroform, 56.6 µL of dichloromethane, 906 µL of acetonitrile, 5.00 mL of the aqueous sample, and 10% (m/v) of sodium chloride. The proposed method was validated and successfully applied in the analysis of surface waters, presenting suitable linearity (r > 0.9990), low limits of detection (0.015 to 0.36 µg L -1 ) and quantification (0.049 to 1.2 µg L -1 ), and relative recoveries between 84.8 and 106.1%.

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“…This microextraction technique has been applied for analysis of different organic (Farajzadeh et al 2009;Pena et al 2009;Xiong et al 2009) and inorganic (Moghadam et al 2011;Taher et al 2014) compounds in various materials. In our previous works Maham et al 2013a;Maham et al 2013b;Maham et al 2013c;Maham et al 2014), DLLME has been developed for preconcentration of some organic compounds in several samples. In this work, the technique was applied as a low-cost, rapid, and safe extraction method for extraction of styrene in drinking water and tea which was in direct contact with polystyrene cups in several temperatures using high performance liquid chromatography with UV-Vis detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Analysis of Styrene in Drinking Water and Tea Samples Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection

2016

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In this project, a simple, low-cost and rapid procedure based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) technique coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) has been used for the extraction and determination of styrene in aqueous solutions. Several factors, such as type of extraction and dispersive solvents and their volumes, salt addition, and pH were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the recoveries of styrene for tea and water samples spiked with 10 and 15 ng mL −1 were in the range of 91.4-97.8 %, whereas the temperature was set at 0, 4, 20, 70 and 91°C for 15, 30, 60, 1440, and 14,400 min. The linear range was obtained in the interval of 1.86-50 ng mL −1 . The limits of detection (S/N = 3) and quantitation (S/N = 10) were 0.6 and 1.86 ng mL −1 , respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for three replicated analysis of styrene in aqueous samples ranged from 0.01 to 0.3 %.

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Novel Binary Solvents-Dispersive Liquid—Liquid Microextraction (BS-DLLME) Method for Determination of Patulin in Apple Juice Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Patulin contamination in apple products marketed in Shiraz, Southern Iran

Patulin contamination in apple products marketed in Shiraz, Southern Iran

Binary Solvent Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Pesticides in Natural Water Samples

Rapid Analysis of Styrene in Drinking Water and Tea Samples Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection

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