Novel atrazine-binding biomimetics inspired to the D1 protein from the photosystem II of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Antonacci, Amina; Celso, Fabrizio Lo; Barone, Giampaolo; Calandra, Pietro; Grunenberg, Jörg; Moccia, Maria; Gatto, Emanuela; Giardi, Maria Teresa; Scognamiglio, Viviana

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.010

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, genes related to chloroplast photosynthetic function were obviously upreguated or downregulated in treatment CIP++/Col. The precursor processing gene of D1 protein, which constituted the heterodimer core of Photosystem II (PSII) with the D2 protein and was related to photodamage repair ( Antonacci et al., 2020 ; Tian et al., 2021 ), was evidently dwonregulated 2.15 times in treatment CIP++/Col. Meanwhile, the downregulated genes also encompassed protein subunits involved in photosynthetic electron transfer such as Cyt b 6/f complex subunits and ferredoxin (5.38 and 2.36, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Chlorella sorokiniana to ciprofloxacin reveal molecular mechanisms for antibiotic removal

et al. 2022

iScience

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Chlorella sorokiniana to ciprofloxacin reveal molecular mechanisms for antibiotic removal

et al. 2022

iScience

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“…Even considering that algae have different levels of tolerance to atrazine, all the Chlorophyceae species tested in this study presented photosynthesis impairment. Thus, a negative effect on growth could be related to the mode of action of atrazine binding to the plastoquinone B‐binding site on the D1 protein and blocking electron transport in the PSII (Jones et al 1986; Antonacci et al, 2020). This process results in the inhibition of photosynthesis (Antonacci et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Atrazine on Chlorophyceae Species and Association with Morphology, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll Content, and Glutathione‐S‐Transferase Activity

Castro

Silva

Machado

et al. 2022

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Atrazine is a herbicide widely used in the control of weeds in crops such as corn, sugar cane, and sorghum. It is often found in aquatic environments, where it can potentially endanger nontarget organisms such as microalgae. The present study evaluated atrazine toxicity to seven different species of Chlorophyceae and the tolerance of the species to the herbicide was related to morphological, photosynthetic, chlorophyll‐a content and the activity of the glutathione‐S‐transferase enzyme (GST). The comparison of median effect concentration (EC50) values for growth inhibition indicates higher toxicity of atrazine for Pseudopediastrum boryanum and Desmodesmus communis, intermediate toxicity for Ankistrodesmus densus, Chlamydomonas puliminiorfes, and Raphidocelis subcapitata, and lower toxicity for Kirchneriella lunaris and Ankistrodesmus falcatus (EC50: 38, 42, 66, 103, 248, 1004, and 1585 µg L−1 atrazine, respectively). Principal component analysis (PCA) with algal characteristics suggested that the atrazine‐sensitive algae P. boryanum and D. communis were positively associated with photosynthetic levels and negatively associated with GST activity and chlorophyll‐a concentration. The PCA also suggested that the atrazine‐tolerant algae A. falcatus and K. lunaris were positively associated with morphological parameters, where the larger the cell size, the more tolerant. Although it is difficult to associate a single characteristic of algae as the key factor determining the tolerance to atrazine, results presented in this work indicate that the cell area, the photosynthetic parameters (mainly saturating irradiance), chlorophyll‐a content, and the biotransformation by GST in combination may be potential predictors for the differential tolerance of Chlorophyceae species to the herbicide. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1675–1685. © 2022 SETAC

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“…The entire protein complexes were solvated in a cubic water box (8 × 8 × 8 nm) with the TIP3P water model. The system was subjected to energy minimization using the steepest descent algorithm for 5000 steps; then the NVT simulation was performed at 300 K, with the polypeptides heavy atom positions restrained, to equilibrate the solvent around it, followed by an NPT run at 300 K and 1 bar pressure. , After completing the equilibration phase, a 30 ns MD simulation was run on the system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Novel Pyridazine Herbicides Targeting Phytoene Desaturase with Scaffold Hopping

Chen,

Lei,

Geng

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Phytoene desaturase (PDS) is a critical functional enzyme in blocking ζ-carotene biosynthesis and is one of the bleaching herbicide targets. At present, norflurazon (NRF) is the only commercial pyridazine herbicide targeting PDS. Therefore, developing new and diverse pyridazine herbicides targeting PDS is urgently required. In this study, diflufenican (BF) was used as the lead compound, and a scaffold-hopping strategy was employed to design and synthesize some pyridazine derivatives based on the action mode of BF and PDS. The preemergence herbicidal activity tests revealed that compound 6-chloro-N-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pyridazine-4-carboxamide (B1) with 2,4-diF substitution in the benzeneamino ring showed 100% inhibition rates against the roots and stems of Echinochloa crus-galli and Portulaca oleracea at 100 μg/mL, superior to the inhibition rates of BF. Meanwhile, compound B1 demonstrated excellent postemergence herbicidal activity against broadleaf weeds, which was similar to that of BF (inhibition rate of 100%) but superior to that of NRF. This indicated that 6-Cl in the pyridazine ring is the key group for postemergence herbicidal activity. In addition, compound B1 could induce downregulation of PDS gene expression, 15-cis-phytoene accumulation, and Y(II) deficiency and prevent photosynthesis. Therefore, B1 can be considered as a promising candidate for developing high-efficiency PDS inhibitors.

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Novel atrazine-binding biomimetics inspired to the D1 protein from the photosystem II of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Chlorella sorokiniana to ciprofloxacin reveal molecular mechanisms for antibiotic removal

Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Chlorella sorokiniana to ciprofloxacin reveal molecular mechanisms for antibiotic removal

Differential Effects of Atrazine on Chlorophyceae Species and Association with Morphology, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll Content, and Glutathione‐S‐Transferase Activity

Discovery of Novel Pyridazine Herbicides Targeting Phytoene Desaturase with Scaffold Hopping

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