Novel Areas for Prevention and Control of Canine Leishmaniosis

Miró, Guadalupe; Petersen, Christine A.; Cardoso, Luı́s; Bourdeau, P.; Baneth, Gad; Solano‐Gallego, Laia; Pennisi, Maria Grazia; Ferrer, L.; Oliva, Gætano

doi:10.1016/j.pt.2017.05.005

Cited by 92 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The latter is particularly important as part of zoonotic VL control programmes currently undertaken in several endemic countries. On the one hand, owners are reluctant to invest in pyrethroid products for dogs already infected or sick; on the other hand, antileishmanial therapies have only temporary efficacy to consistently reduce a dog's infectiousness to sand flies (Miró et al ., ). Isoxazolines are a novel class of compounds targeting the central nervous system and neuromuscular junctions of arthropod vectors by blocking ligand‐gated chloride channels, thus causing the death of the arthropod (Weber & Selzer, ).…”

Section: Mean ± Sd Proportions Of Surviving Blood‐fed Phlebotomus Permentioning

confidence: 97%

A single oral dose of fluralaner (Bravecto®) in dogs rapidly kills 100% of blood‐fed Phlebotomus perniciosus, a main visceral leishmaniasis vector, for at least 1 month after treatment

Bongiorno

Meyer²,

Evans³

et al. 2019

Medical Vet Entomology

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Dogs are the reservoir host of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). Both subclinically-infected and sick animals can be infectious to competent phlebotomine vectors. The degree and duration of insecticidal efficacy of an oral dose of fluralaner (Bravecto ® ; Merck Animal Health) was determined in dogs exposed to bites of Phlebotomus perniciosus (Diptera: Psychodidae), a main Mediterranean vector of VL. Twelve dogs allocated to two groups of six animals each were included in a parallel-group designed, negative-controlled, randomized, blinded, single-centre efficacy study. Group 2 was treated with fluralaner on day 0, and sand-fly exposure of both groups was performed on days 1, 28 and 84. Viability of blood-fed females was assessed up to 96 h after exposure and efficacy was measured as the survival rate of specimens fed on Group 2 versus those fed on Group 1. A mortality of 100% was recorded at 24 h in females fed on Group 2 at both days 1 and 28. Significant insecticidal efficacy was still observed on day 84, with > 50% mortality recorded by 48 h post blood meal in Group 2. Fluralaner treatment of dogs represents a promising and affordable method for reducing the pool of infected vectors in endemic settings of zoonotic VL.

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Section: Mean ± Sd Proportions Of Surviving Blood‐fed Phlebotomus Permentioning

confidence: 97%

A single oral dose of fluralaner (Bravecto®) in dogs rapidly kills 100% of blood‐fed Phlebotomus perniciosus, a main visceral leishmaniasis vector, for at least 1 month after treatment

Bongiorno

Meyer²,

Evans³

et al. 2019

Medical Vet Entomology

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“…The avoidance of bites is the single most important preventive measure against leishmaniasis. Topical insecticides with residual activity in the form of spot‐on pipettes and impregnated collars are the cornerstone of this strategy against CanL (Miró et al ., ). The highly popular Advantix ® pipettes (Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany) were found to have sandfly repellent efficacy of close to 90% during the 3 weeks following application in the laboratory (Mencke et al ., ; Miró et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Longitudinal monitoring of anti‐saliva antibodies as markers of repellent efficacy against Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus papatasi in dogs

Risueño

Spitzová

Bernal

et al. 2018

Medical Vet Entomology

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A 2‐year longitudinal study of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibodies against Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) sandfly saliva was performed in 32 Beagle dogs treated preventively with an imidacloprid–permethrin topical insecticide in an endemic area in Spain. Dogs were grouped into three sandfly exposure groups according to the time of inclusion in the study. Assays analysed immunoglobulin G (IgG) against salivary gland homogenates (SGH) of both species and recombinant P. papatasi rSP32 and P. perniciosus rSP03B proteins in serum. The dogs were participating in a Leishmania infantum (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) vaccine trial and were experimentally infected with the parasite in the second year. No dog acquired natural L. infantum infections during the first year, but most developed anti‐saliva antibodies, and median log‐transformed optical densities (LODs) were seasonal, mimicking those of local sandflies. This indicates that the repellent efficacy of the insecticide used is below 100%. Multi‐level modelling of LODs revealed variability among dogs, autocorrelation and differences according to the salivary antigen and the dog's age. However, dog seroprevalence, estimated using pre‐exposure LODs as cut‐offs, was relatively low. This, and the fact that dogs did not become naturally infected with L. infantum, would support the efficacy and usefulness of this imidacloprid–permethrin topical insecticide in canine leishmaniasis control.

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“…Visceral leishmaniosis is a global zoonosis caused by Leishmania spp parasites that is considered a major threat to human and animal health (Kuleš et al, ). Dogs are the main reservoirs of the disease (Miró et al, ), and canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is endemic in more than 70 countries (Solano‐Gallego et al, ). CanL can produce a wide range of clinical presentations since it can potentially affect any organ or tissue, ranging from subclinical to fatal illness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum proteome of dogs at subclinical and clinical onset of canine leishmaniosis

Franco‐Martínez

Villar

Escribano

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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The objective of this study was to identify changes in serum proteome in dogs that may occur after an experimental infection at subclinical and clinical stages of canine leishmaniosis (CanL). For this purpose, canine pre‐ and post‐infection with Leishmania infantum serum proteomes in the same dogs were analysed by a high‐throughput label‐based quantitative LC‐MS/MS proteomic approach. A total of 169 proteins were identified, and 74 of them including complement C8 alpha chain, adiponectin, transferrin, sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid‐like 3A and immunoglobulins showed different modulation between the different stages of CanL. These proteins could be considered as potential serum biomarkers of early diagnostic or disease progression in CanL. Additionally, biological pathways modulated during CanL such as blood coagulation or gonadotropin‐releasing hormone receptor were revealed, which could help to understand the pathological mechanisms of the disease.

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Novel Areas for Prevention and Control of Canine Leishmaniosis

Cited by 92 publications

References 90 publications

A single oral dose of fluralaner (Bravecto®) in dogs rapidly kills 100% of blood‐fed Phlebotomus perniciosus, a main visceral leishmaniasis vector, for at least 1 month after treatment

A single oral dose of fluralaner (Bravecto®) in dogs rapidly kills 100% of blood‐fed Phlebotomus perniciosus, a main visceral leishmaniasis vector, for at least 1 month after treatment

Longitudinal monitoring of anti‐saliva antibodies as markers of repellent efficacy against Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus papatasi in dogs

Serum proteome of dogs at subclinical and clinical onset of canine leishmaniosis

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