Novel Approach for Liquid–Liquid Phase Equilibrium of Biodiesel (Canola and Sunflower) + Glycerol + Methanol

Abstract

In this study, a novel experimental approach was used to overcome the lack of phase equilibrium information to obtain data that is more applicable to industrial situations. Liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) data, tie-lines, and phase boundaries were carried out for two systems of canola oil methyl esters (containing 1 wt % KOH) + glycerol + methanol and sunflower oil methyl esters (containing 1 wt % KOH) + glycerol + methanol at three different temperatures (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K). The quality of data was also ascertained using Othmer−Tobias correlations. The experimental LLE data was also correlated by the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) and the Wilson−NRF Gibbs free energy models. The energy interaction parameters of both models were obtained for both systems. The results indicated that the Wilson−NRF provided an accurate correlation of LLE behavior with average absolute deviation (AAD%) inferior to 8.78% and 10.80% for canola and sunflower biodiesel systems, respectively. However, the NRTL model presented a more accurate correlation of LLE behavior of both studied systems with AAD% inferior to 6.26% and 7.43% for canola and sunflower biodiesel systems, respectively.

Process Design for Antisolvent Crystallization of Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate in Oiling-out System

“…The non-randomness parameter ߙ (ߙ = ߙ ) was fixed at 0.21 for each binary pair (݅-݆), which are commonly used [49][50][51][52] for simplifying the computation effectively. NRTL parameters g were determined by minimizing of Eq.…”

Liquid-liquid equilibrium for biodiesel-glycerol-methanol or ethanol systems using UNIFAC correlated parameters

“…CPA EoS) can successfully predict their experimental data with global average deviations up to 6%. Hakim et al[14] correlated LLE experimental data from canola and sunflower biodiesel, glycerol and methanol with the NRTL and the WilsonÀNRF Gibbs free energy models, Recently, Carmo et al[15] evaluated the LLE in systems composed by biodiesel, glycerol and alcohol using UNIFAC e Dortmund, UNIFAC, UNIQUAC, NRTL, ASOG…”

Process intensification in biodiesel production with energy reduction by pinch analysis

“…As a reactive extraction column is not implemented as an independent unit operation in AspenPlus ® , each equilibrium reactive stage is simulated combining a CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor) and a decanter. The thermodynamic model UNIFAC-DORTMUND is chosen, as it is proved to be suitable for biodiesel-related LLE (liquideliquid equilibrium) () mixtures [32]. The reactive stages are added one by one until all the input oil is converted to biodiesel.…”