Novel Application of ALMANAC: Modelling a Functional Group, Exotic Warm-season Perennial Grasses

Kiniry, James R.

doi:10.9734/ajea/2013/4313

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…where log n = natural log of the number. Extinction coefficient values have been determined for many grasses [16,[22][23][24]. Accurate simulation of LAI is critical for these equations to describe light interception.…”

Section: Brief Description Of the Almanac Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Modeled Water Use Efficiency of Highly Productive Perennial Grasses Useful for Bioenergy

Kiniry

Kim²

2020

Agronomy

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Whole plant productivity is obviously the ultimate product of leaf photosynthesis and this has led to numerous efforts to relate the two. However, often with perennial grasses, plant productivity is more sink-limited than source-limited, causing the linkage between the photosynthetic rate and productivity to be weak or nonexistent. This has led to a different approach, characterizing plant productivity in terms of the efficiency of intercepted light use in producing biomass, also called radiation use efficiency. Likewise, the efficiency of the use of water to produce plant biomass, or water use efficiency, has been the object of much interest. The use of a simulation model to quantify biomass, using radiation use efficiency in parallel with a daily water balance simulation, allows for the effective calculation of water use efficiency. In this project, the process of determining radiation use efficiency with field data is described, as well as example values for highly productive perennial grasses useful for feedstock for bioenergy. In addition, values of water use efficiency for these grasses are reported and compared with other perennial grasses and common cultivated crops.Water requirements for growing switchgrass and giant miscanthus are often an issue. Without adequate water, their biomass yields can be reduced by 45%-80% of total biomass yields [10,11]. Moreover, competition for water with other users makes maximizing water use efficiency vitally important. Again, process-based simulation models are valuable tools since they simulate the dynamics of crop water use based on evaporation of soil water, leaf transpiration, weather, and dynamics of plant communities. Quantifying Photosynthetic Performance via Two Approaches: Single Leaf Photosynthesis vs. Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE)There are many plant simulation models based on single leaf photosynthesis, which is then scaled up to the whole leaf canopy. Such models, such as ORYZA for rice (Oryza sativa L.) [12,13], are based on the assumption that photosynthesis is a major driver and determinant for whole plant productivity. However, frequently grass systems have been shown to be more sink-limited than source-limited. They often rely more on the processes of tiller production, leaf development, and leaf canopy orientation.Examples:

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Section: Brief Description Of the Almanac Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described above, biomass growth is simulated with RUE [16,[22][23][24]. The RUE is the dry matter increase per unit of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR).…”

Section: Brief Description Of the Almanac Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Modeled Water Use Efficiency of Highly Productive Perennial Grasses Useful for Bioenergy

Kiniry

Kim²

2020

Agronomy

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“…and bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flueggé) (Kiniry et al., ). This model can simulate several representative native grasses in Texas (Kiniry et al., ), switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) over a diverse range of sites (Kiniry, Schmer, Vogel, & Mitchell, ; Kiniry et al., ), buffelgrass [ Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link] and “Old World Bluestems” ( Bothriochloa Kuntze, Capillipedium Stapf and Dichanthium Willemet) (Kiniry, Johnson, Venuto, & Burson, ), and several native grasses in the Intermountain west of the USA (Kiniry et al., ). The model version developed in this study represents the first time ALMANAC has been applied to a grass with a bimodal growth pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, buffelgrass [Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link]and "Old World Bluestems" (Bothriochloa Kuntze, Capillipedium Stapf and Dichanthium Willemet)(Kiniry, Johnson, Venuto, & Burson, 2014b), and several native grasses in the Intermountain west of the USA(Kiniry et al, 2014a). The model version developed in this study represents the first time ALMANAC has been applied to a grass with a bimodal growth pattern.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simulating bimodal tall fescue growth with a degree‐day‐based process‐oriented plant model

Kiniry

Kim²,

Williams

et al. 2018

Grass and Forage Science

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Plant growth simulation models have a temperature response function driving development, with a base temperature and an optimum temperature defined. Such models function well when plant development rate shows a continuous change throughout the growing season. This approach becomes more complex as it is extended to cool‐season perennial grasses with a dormant period and bimodal growth curves. The objective of this study was to develop such a bimodal growth model for tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort) in the Midwest USA based on multiyear measurement trials. Functions for bimodal growth were incorporated into the ALMANAC model and applied to tall fescue using published tall fescue yields for a variety of sites and soils. Fields of cultivars “Kentucky 31” and “BarOptima Plus E34” were divided into paddocks and sampled weekly for dry‐matter accumulation. These biomass estimates were used to derive weekly growth values by differences between sequential weekly samplings. The measured values were compared to a single tall fescue simulation each year on one soil. Using these results, the ALMANAC model was modified and tested against mean reported tall fescue yields for 11 sites, with one to three soils per site. When we introduced midsummer dormancy into ALMANAC, we assumed dormancy began on the longest day of the year and lasted until the photoperiod was 0.68 hr shorter than the longest. ALMANAC simulated previously reported tall fescue yields well across the range of sites. Thus, ALMANAC shows great promise to simulate bimodal growth in this common cool‐season grass.

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“…Typically annual crops are simulated with a degree day sum from planting to physiological maturity for an annual growing season with crop specific values for the base temperature and optimum temperature [63][64][65]69]. This approach has also been applied to warm season perennial grasses with annual growing cycles for the leaf area and biomass [70][71][72][73]. Unlike creosotebush, mesquite is a perennial deciduous tree that drops its leaves each year and then resumes growth the following spring, each year possibly attaining (in the absence of environmental stress) its potential leaf area index value for that year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the Productivity of Desert Woody Shrubs in Southwestern Texas

Kim¹,

Jeong²,

Kiniry³

2018

Arid Environments and Sustainability

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In the southwestern U.S., many rangelands have converted from native grasslands to woody shrublands dominated by creosotebush (Larrea tridentate) and honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), threatening ecosystem health. Both creosotebush and mesquite have well-developed long root systems that allow them to outcompete neighboring plants. Thus, control of these two invasive shrubs is essential for revegetation in arid rangelands. Simulation models are valuable tools for describing invasive shrub growth and interaction between shrubs and other perennial grasses and for evaluating quantitative changes in ecosystem properties linked to shrub invasion and shrub control. In this study, a hybrid and multiscale modeling approach with two process-based models, ALMANAC and APEX was developed. Through ALMANAC application, plant parameters and growth cycles of creosotebush and mesquite were characterized based on field data. The developed shrub growth curves and parameters were subsequently used in APEX to explore productivity and range condition at a larger field scale. APEX was used to quantitatively evaluate the effect of shrub reductions on vegetation and water and soil qualities in various topological conditions. The results of this study showed that this multi modeling approach is capable of accurately predicting the impacts of shrubs on soil water resources.

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Novel Application of ALMANAC: Modelling a Functional Group, Exotic Warm-season Perennial Grasses

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

A Review of Modeled Water Use Efficiency of Highly Productive Perennial Grasses Useful for Bioenergy

A Review of Modeled Water Use Efficiency of Highly Productive Perennial Grasses Useful for Bioenergy

Simulating bimodal tall fescue growth with a degree‐day‐based process‐oriented plant model

Simulating the Productivity of Desert Woody Shrubs in Southwestern Texas

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