Novel and current rodenticides for pocket gopher<i>Thomomys</i>spp. management in vineyards: what works?

Baldwin, Roger A.; Meinerz, Ryan; Witmer, Gary W.

doi:10.1002/ps.4307

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Some researchers are re-visiting formerly registered active ingredients such as norbormide (Campbell et al 2015). Some of the research efforts with potential new rodenticides have been reported by Baldwin et al (2016Baldwin et al ( , 2017, Blackie et al (2014), Campbell et al (2015), Eason et al (2010), Morgan et al (2013), Witmer and Moulton (2014), and Witmer et al (2014a). Another recent research area that is showing good promise is the development and testing of longterm, re-setting toxin delivery systems (Blackie et al 2014;Murphy et al 2014;Witmer and Moulton 2016).…”

Section: Research On New Active Ingredient Toxicants and Combination mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Existing and Potential New Alternatives to Anticoagulant Rodenticides and the Implications for Integrated Pest Management

Witmer¹

2017

Emerging Topics in Ecotoxicology

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Section: Research On New Active Ingredient Toxicants and Combination mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Existing and Potential New Alternatives to Anticoagulant Rodenticides and the Implications for Integrated Pest Management

Witmer¹

2017

Emerging Topics in Ecotoxicology

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“…Although C+D and C+B2 were effective options, C+D may be the more practical combination, given the use of a first-generation anticoagulant as the synergist, as opposed to brodifacoum, which is a second-generation anticoagulant. Additional details on this study can be found in Baldwin et al (2016b).…”

Section: Pocket Gopher Field Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, not all rodenticides are readily available when needed. Strychnine baits, for example, are available in limited supplies given minimal amounts of strychnine currently imported into the U.S. (Baldwin et al 2016b). Without a sufficient supply, it does not matter how effective a rodenticide is; if it is not available, it is not a practical management tool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Cholecalciferol plus Anticoagulant Rodenticides a Viable Option for Field Rodents?

Baldwin¹,

Meinerz²,

Witmer³

2016

vertebrate_pest_conference

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Burrowing rodents, such as pocket gophers (Geomyidae) and voles (Microtus spp.), often cause extensive damage in agricultural, urban/residential, and natural resource areas. Effective management of burrowing rodents typically follows an integrated pest management (IPM) approach that involves a number of tools including rodenticide baiting. However, some of the more commonly used rodenticides have limitations including the development of resistance (e.g., first-generation anticoagulants and strychnine), secondary-toxicity concerns (e.g., anticoagulants), and limited availability (e.g., strychnine). Initial research with combination cholecalciferol plus anticoagulant rodenticides has indicated potential promise at overcoming some of these limitations. As such, we tested the efficacy of several different cholecalciferol plus anticoagulant combinations to determine if they were efficacious in managing Botta's pocket gophers and California voles in both cage and field trials. Two-choice cage trials for California voles indicated that both pelletized (0.03% cholecalciferol plus 0.005% diphacinone, efficacy x = 80%) and bract baits (0.012% cholecalciferol plus 0.002% diphacinone, efficacy x = 70%) containing cholecalciferol plus diphacinone (C+D) were efficacious.Further field testing indicated that C+D-coated bract baits (0.014% cholecalciferol plus 0.003% diphacinone) were highly efficacious for vole control (efficacy x = 85%), while pelletized baits were less promising (efficacy x = 60%). Cage trials indicated that both C+D (0.03% cholecalciferol plus 0.005% diphacinone, efficacy x = 80%) and two concentrations of cholecalciferol plus brodifacoum (C+B1 = 0.015% cholecalciferol plus 0.0025% brodifacoum, efficacy x = 100%; C+B2 = 0.03% cholecalciferol plus 0.0025% brodifacoum, efficacy x = 100%) pelleted baits showed promise as pocket gopher rodenticides. Further field testing of C+D and C+B2 resulted in efficacy significantly >70% (efficacy x = 83% and 75%, respectively), although strychnine (0.5%) applications were the most efficacious (efficacy x = 100%). Collectively, these results suggest that cholecalciferol plus anticoagulant rodenticides are effective options for managing burrowing rodent populations; they deserve further consideration for registration against these potentially damaging species.

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“…; , Baldwin et al 2016, pocket gophers (Thomomys spp. ; Baldwin et al 2017, and house mice (Mus musculus; . The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of these baits using wild-caught Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cage Efficacy Trials with Cholecalciferol Plus Diphacinone and Cholecalciferol Plus Brodifacoum Baits Using Richardson’s Ground Squirrels

Witmer¹,

Samra²

2018

vertebrate_pest_conference

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There are many species of ground squirrels in North America and some species can cause substantial damage to agriculture and other resources. Traps and rodenticides are the most commonly used methods to reduce populations and damage. We tested the efficacy of three new formulations of rodenticides containing two active ingredients: cholecalciferol and diphacinone or cholecalciferol and brodifacoum using wild-caught Richardson's ground squirrels. All three formulations had an efficacy of ≥60% and one cholecalciferol and brodifacoum formulation had an efficacy of 90%. Additionally, all formulations had lower concentrations of one or both active ingredients than commercial rodenticides that contain only one of the active ingredients. We also noted that squirrels that died generally consumed much more bait than those that survived. Most of these formulations had high efficacies in previous trials with voles and pocket gophers. We recommend that a field efficacy trial be conducted in a ground squirrel colony.

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Novel and current rodenticides for pocket gopherThomomysspp. management in vineyards: what works?

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Perspectives on Existing and Potential New Alternatives to Anticoagulant Rodenticides and the Implications for Integrated Pest Management

Perspectives on Existing and Potential New Alternatives to Anticoagulant Rodenticides and the Implications for Integrated Pest Management

Are Cholecalciferol plus Anticoagulant Rodenticides a Viable Option for Field Rodents?

Cage Efficacy Trials with Cholecalciferol Plus Diphacinone and Cholecalciferol Plus Brodifacoum Baits Using Richardson’s Ground Squirrels

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