Novel anatomical guidelines for botulinum neurotoxin injection in the mentalis muscle: a review

Abstract

The mentalis muscle is a paired muscle originating from the alveolar bone of the mandible. This muscle is the main target muscle for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection therapy, which aims to treat cobblestone chin caused by mentalis hyperactivity. However, a lack of knowledge on the anatomy of the mentalis muscle and the properties of BoNT can lead to side effects, such as mouth closure insufficiency and smile asymmetry due to ptosis of the lower lip after BoNT injection procedures. Therefore, we have reviewed the anatomical properties associated with BoNT injection into the mentalis muscle. An up-to-date understanding of the localization of the BoNT injection point according to mandibular anatomy leads to better injection localization into the mentalis muscle. Optimal injection sites have been provided for the mentalis muscle and a proper injection technique has been described. We have suggested optimal injection sites based on the external anatomical landmarks of the mandible. The aim of these guidelines is to maximize the effects of BoNT therapy by minimizing the deleterious effects, which can be very useful in clinical settings.

The Effect of Polydioxanone Thread and Platelet Rich Plasma in Treating Myofascial Pelvic Pain

“…In the field of aesthetics and anti-aging procedures, botulinum neurotoxin injection and filler injections are most commonly practiced materials [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Recently, threads are used for the aesthetics surgery called thread facial lifting.…”

Retrospective Study of Horizontal Neckline Correction Using Absorbable Braided Polydioxanone Threads

“…Age-related transformations in the neck can involve various alterations, including the accumulation of submental fat, skin looseness causing the loss of the cervicomental angle, bone loss, and compromised neck contours resulting from jowl formation [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Various substances such as botulinum neurotoxin, dermal fillers, and skin boosters are employed in the realm of aesthetics to eliminate wrinkles [9,10,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Aesthetic treatment of horizontal neck lines is one of the most common requests from patients looking to improve their neck's appearance.…”

SMAS repositioning technique utilizing cog thread: Anatomical perspectives

“…This persistence contributes to the natural delineation of the chin and jawline, resulting in tauter skin. This phenomenon can be attributed to the presence of resilient structures such as the insertion of the mentalis muscle at the chin, the mandibular ligament along the boundary of the chin and jawline, and the angular tract fascia anterior to the SCM muscle within the inner angle of the mandible 10,11 . These unyielding structures play a role in the phenomenon wherein lax tissues, when shifted toward firm structures, produce a naturally effective lifting effect, aligning with the author's perspective (Figure 1).…”