Novel Amino Acid Derived Natural Products from the Ascidian Atriolum robustum: Identification and Pharmacological Characterization of a Unique Adenosine Derivative (IIIa).

Adenosine as an active component of Antrodia cinnamomea that prevents rat PC12 cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis through the activation of adenosine A2A receptors

“…A novel N 6 -substituted adenosine isolated from Armillaria mellea has cerebroprotective effects (Watanabe et al, 1990). Several adenosine derivatives derived from Atriolum robustum are shown to inhibit cyclic-AMP formation through A 1 -R activation (Kehraus et al, 2004). Consequently, although our in vitro data revealed the protective effect of ADO in A. cinnamomea, other ADO-based derivative(s) with A 2A -R binding affinity still could have existed.…”

Molecular modeling of adenosine receptors: new results and trends

“…In Table IX are shown the main published A 1 receptor models and a brief description of the procedure used for their construction. 77,84,[98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] With regards to the interaction of agonists, with the exception of the model proposed by Gutierrez et al (M7), the binding site is situated between TM3, TM6 and TM7. Furthermore, excluding the M6 model that analyzes bulky partial agonists, the ribose ring of the ligands interacts with T7.42(277) (serine in the bovine receptor) and H7.…”

“…Many A 3 models have been published (see Table XII) describing the hypothesized interaction of many different ligands, at least 12 of them using bRh as a template. 73,74,76,79,[86][87][88][89]95,104,108,[112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122] As regards N 6 adenosine derivatives, the main models proposed hypothesize that ligands interact with TM3, TM5, TM6, TM7, and EL2.…”

“…Some published models, even if evaluating receptor-agonist interaction do not take into account any of this information, whereas the main models have been evaluated focusing attention on the conformation of W6.48. 51,73,74,104,110 Till now the model built by Kim et al 51 (model M4 of Table X) seems to be the only one that, by evaluating the interaction of agonists, proposes a hypothetical active state model to be compared the antagonist-inactive state model interaction.…”

Chemical Analysis of the Edible Mushroom Tricholoma populinum: Steroids and Sulfinyladenosine Compounds

“…In 1997 these compounds were also identified in the ethanol extract of Sauropus androgynous, a cultivated plant native to Southeast Asia [11]. The other known sources of sulfinyladenosine compounds are the marine ascidians Herdmania momus, which synthesizes four complex adenosides with bromines in their structures [12], and Atriolum robustum, which contains a metabolite with methoxyacrylic acid group linked to the sulfinyladenosine moiety [13]. As compared to the findings of Kawagishi et al (1993) however, the fruiting bodies of T. populinum contain approx.…”