Novel Adipokines and Bone Metabolism

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a serious social issue nowadays. Both the high morbidity and its common complication osteoporotic fracture load a heavy burden on the whole society. The adipose tissue is the biggest endocrinology organ that has a different function on the bone. The adipocytes are differentiated from the same cell lineage with osteoblast, and they can secrete multiple adipokines with various functions on bone remolding. Recently, several novel adipokines have been identified and investigated thoroughly. In this paper, we would like to highlight the complicated relation between the bone metabolism and the novel adipokines, and it may provide us with a new target for prediction and treatment of osteoporosis.

CTRP3 acts as a negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis through AMPK-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling in vitro and RANKL-induced calvarial bone destruction in vivo

“…Adipokines control insulin sensitivity, neuroendocrine activity, food and water intake, breeding, inflammatory response, cardiovascular function, and bone metabolism [16][17][18]. Recently, lots of new adipokines have been discovered such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin, chemerin, omentin, vaspin, and visfatin [18]. These adipokines might participate in the bone metabolism through different mechanisms.…”

“…In particular, adipokines and bone metabolism have a close relationship, which received a lot of attention in both clinical and biological research [17,18]. Previous studies suggested that adipokines such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin, vaspin, chemerin, and omentin-1 could modulate bone metabolism both in vitro and/or in vivo [18].…”

Effects of Apelin-13 on Human Prostate Cancer Lines [Insan Prostat Kanseri Hucre Serilerinde Apelin-13'un Etkileri]

“…Testosteron sadece prostat kanser gelişiminde değil aynı zamanda Benign prostat hiperplazisinin (BPH) patogenezinde aktif rol oynamaktadır [39,40]. Prostatın büyümesi ve gelişiminin testesteron ve onun aktif metaboliti olan dihidrotestesteronun (DHT) etkisi altında gerçekleştiği ve BPH'nin oluşması için androjen reseptörlerinin DHT ile stimülasyonun gerekli olduğu Yağ dokunun, aktif endokrin organ gibi birçok hormon ve sitokin salgıladığı bilinmektedir [44][45][46]. Yağ doku kitlesindeki artışın, kanser gelişiminde bir risk faktörü olduğu [47] ve yüksek kalorili diyetlerin kanser etiyolojisinde rol oynadığı bilinmektedir [48].…”

Hearing Thresholds and Serum Apelin Levels in Patients with Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency

“…Apelin is an adipokine released from the adipose tissue that is accepted to be an endocrine tissue (2,3). Apelin has been detected in the endothelium of the vessel wall as well as the heart and peripheral organs in the humans (4).…”