“…Over the past few decades, nanostructured materials with controllable morphology and dimensions have been designed and prepared, for which different functions can be achieved by cutting the shape, composition, and assembled structure. , To date, zero-dimensional nanoparticles, one-dimensional nanowires and nanotubes, two-dimensional nanosheets, three-dimensional hierarchical nanostructures, and other complex architectures have attracted intensive research interest. In particular, core–shell structured nanomaterials had triggered increasing research owing to the excellent properties for broad potential utilization in the fields of energy storage, − catalysts, , and photoelectricity. , Most of the core–shell nanomaterials have a stable structure, large specific surface area, porous distribution, and other characteristics, all of which show promising potential in electrochemical energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), and so on. ,− …”