#notokay: Challenging sexual violence through digital health activism

Subramanian, Roma; Weare, Andrea M.

doi:10.1080/09581596.2020.1776218

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The NSVRC (National Sexual Violence Resource Center, 2018) supports media events with an aim to ‘shift public thinking’. Whilst no article detailed specific interventions for SRHS to employ to challenge the harmful social norms within their communities we have identified contemporary health promotion, health activism, for example, ‘16 days of activism against gender based violence’ and health marketing to be worth considering (Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG), 2022; Subramanian & Weare, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing a Supportive Environment for Disclosure of Sexual Violence and Abuse in a Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Setting: A Realist Review

Caswell

Ross

Maidment

et al. 2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Background: Sexual and reproductive healthcare services (SRHS) are an environment where medical care relevant to sexual violence and abuse (SV) is available. However, barriers to disclosure need to be overcome to allow timely access to this care. There is limited research identifying and explaining how interventions remove barriers and create a safe and supportive environment for disclosure. The purpose of this review was to develop and refine theories that explain how, for whom and in what context SRHS facilitate disclosure. Methods: Following published realist standards we undertook a realist review. After focussing the review question and identifying key contextual barriers, articles pertaining to these were identified using a traditional systematic database search. This strategy was supplemented with iterative searches. Results: Searches yielded 3172 citations, and 28 articles with sufficient information were included to develop the emerging theories. Four evidence-informed theories were developed proposing ways in which a safe and supportive environment for the disclosure of SV is enabled in SRHS. The theories consider how interventions may overcome barriers surrounding SV disclosure at individual, service-delivery and societal levels. Conclusions: Benefits of SRHS engagement with health promotion and health activism activities to address societal level barriers like lack of service awareness and stereotypic views on SV are presented. Although trauma informed practice and person-centred care were central in creating a safe and supportive environment for disclosure the review found them to be poorly defined in this setting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing a Supportive Environment for Disclosure of Sexual Violence and Abuse in a Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Setting: A Realist Review

Caswell

Ross

Maidment

et al. 2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A combined approach of qualitative and unsupervised machine learning strategies was reported by 5 studies [46][47][48]. The most commonly used approach for analyzing Twitter data was a qualitative one, such as thematic analysis, which was employed by 94 studies [49,50]. Machine learning techniques were used in 45 studies to analyze Twitter data, with 21 using supervised learning [51] and 15 using unsupervised learning [52].…”

Section: Data Analysis Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Twitter-Based Data for Sexual Violence Research: Scoping Review

Xue¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

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Background Scholars have used data from in-person interviews, administrative systems, and surveys for sexual violence research. Using Twitter as a data source for examining the nature of sexual violence is a relatively new and underexplored area of study. Objective We aimed to perform a scoping review of the current literature on using Twitter data for researching sexual violence, elaborate on the validity of the methods, and discuss the implications and limitations of existing studies. Methods We performed a literature search in the following 6 databases: APA PsycInfo (Ovid), Scopus, PubMed, International Bibliography of Social Sciences (ProQuest), Criminal Justice Abstracts (EBSCO), and Communications Abstracts (EBSCO), in April 2022. The initial search identified 3759 articles that were imported into Covidence. Seven independent reviewers screened these articles following 2 steps: (1) title and abstract screening, and (2) full-text screening. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) empirical research, (2) focus on sexual violence, (3) analysis of Twitter data (ie, tweets or Twitter metadata), and (4) text in English. Finally, we selected 121 articles that met the inclusion criteria and coded these articles. Results We coded and presented the 121 articles using Twitter-based data for sexual violence research. About 70% (89/121, 73.6%) of the articles were published in peer-reviewed journals after 2018. The reviewed articles collectively analyzed about 79.6 million tweets. The primary approaches to using Twitter as a data source were content text analysis (112/121, 92.5%) and sentiment analysis (31/121, 25.6%). Hashtags (103/121, 85.1%) were the most prominent metadata feature, followed by tweet time and date, retweets, replies, URLs, and geotags. More than a third of the articles (51/121, 42.1%) used the application programming interface to collect Twitter data. Data analyses included qualitative thematic analysis, machine learning (eg, sentiment analysis, supervised machine learning, unsupervised machine learning, and social network analysis), and quantitative analysis. Only 10.7% (13/121) of the studies discussed ethical considerations. Conclusions We described the current state of using Twitter data for sexual violence research, developed a new taxonomy describing Twitter as a data source, and evaluated the methodologies. Research recommendations include the following: development of methods for data collection and analysis, in-depth discussions about ethical norms, exploration of specific aspects of sexual violence on Twitter, examination of tweets in multiple languages, and decontextualization of Twitter data. This review demonstrates the potential of using Twitter data in sexual violence research.

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“…This public health definition of sexual violence is broad and includes acts that most criminal codes in the United States would not categorize as sexual violence, such as sexual harassment and denying contraception use (Kilpatrick, 2004). This study adopts the WHO's broad definition of sexual violence in order to capture the multiplicity of lived experiences of sexual violence that women disclosed in #notokay tweets; this spectrum encompassed physical, verbal, or emotional acts of violence; enacted in public or private settings; and involved perpetrators, ranging from family members to strangers (Subramanian & Weare, 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Violence Disclosure in #Notokay: Disclosure Goals, Disclosure-Facilitating Resources, and Overall Disclosure Trajectory

Subramanian

2023

Violence Against Women

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This study investigated the disclosure goals, disclosure-facilitating resources, and overall disclosure trajectory of 16 women who participated in the 2016 #notokay antisexual violence campaign. Findings indicate that most participants’ disclosure goals were approach focused. Factors that facilitated disclosure were social media affordances and psychological, professional, and financial resources. Participants’ overall disclosure trajectory was upward, but not linear, and disclosure outcomes included self-growth and awareness of the intersectional nature of violence. The findings suggest that the disclosure processes model can be strengthened by considering goal-relevant resources as a structural or environmental factor that influences the choice of approach versus avoidance goals, and consequently, beneficial or harmful disclosure outcomes. Further, by investigating how participants’ #notokay disclosure was situated in their other online and offline disclosure episodes, this study provides a contextualized perspective of online hashtagged disclosures of sexual violence.

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#notokay: Challenging sexual violence through digital health activism

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Providing a Supportive Environment for Disclosure of Sexual Violence and Abuse in a Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Setting: A Realist Review

Providing a Supportive Environment for Disclosure of Sexual Violence and Abuse in a Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Setting: A Realist Review

Using Twitter-Based Data for Sexual Violence Research: Scoping Review

Sexual Violence Disclosure in #Notokay: Disclosure Goals, Disclosure-Facilitating Resources, and Overall Disclosure Trajectory

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