Layer silicates and some other layer compounds can take up organic compounds such as long-chain alkanols and alkylammonium ions with formation of ordered bimolecular films. This system enables new ideas to be developed concerning the structure of monomolecular and bimolecular films: the films form reversible kink-block and gauche-block structures. Conclusions can be derived about the structure of the lipid layers in membranes.Carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides can be simultaneously transformed into inoffensive substances on multifunctional catalysts. Consisting of noble metals or base metal oxides deposited on an inert support, these catalysts can be used in monolithic form or as granular packings. Compared with other methods of automotive exhaust detoxification, multifunctional catalysts are distinguished by incurring fuel savings.