Notice of some of the Secondary Effects of the Earthquake of 10th January, 1869, in Cachar

Abstract

The following communication has been delayed in being brought before the Geological Society in the expectation of receiving further facts from Dr. Oldham, or that he would publish a substantive account of his own results after his examination of the earthquake-region. The latest communications received, however,by the writer from Dr. Oldham render it doubtful whether he will be able, consistently with the pressure of his official duties, to pursue the subject further; and as the facts which he has collected and well explained, of the production of enormous earth-fissures as effects of this earthquake, are of great importance, the writer has deemed it best to place them on record now, and to add to Dr. Oldham's account some remarks of his own as to the very striking secondary effects of this earthquake. Cachar, the site of the earthquake of the 10th January, 1869, is a British Province of Eastern India, about 110 miles in length from north to south, by 60 or 70 miles in width. Its boundaries on the north and south are Assam and Tipperah (an independent state), and on the east and west Munnepoor and Silhet respectively. It is hill-surrounded, except on the south and west, and consists chiefly of extensive plains, through which many large and small rivers wind and wander through ever changing courses in deep muddy beds, in which they rise from 25 to 35 feet in the rains. The chief river is the Barak, which is navigable for great distances, the Juroo and

Liquefaction Hazard Scenario of Imphal City for 1869 Cachar and a Hypothetical Earthquake

“…Probably the earliest documented earthquake is that of 10 th January 1869 which caused widespread damages in Imphal city (details are discussed in the next section). In the literature this is referred to as the '1869 Cachar earthquake' (Oldham, 1882). The 6 th August 1988 earthquake which occurred in Indo-Burma region also caused notable damages in Imphal city.…”

“…The 10 January 1869 Cachar earthquake (M w 7.5) occurred in the Kopili fault of the Shillog-Mikir massif with epicenter near the northern border of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya (Oldham, 1882;Nandy, 2001). The earthquake caused extensive damage to buildings in Imphal.…”

An updated and unified earthquake catalog of Bangladesh for seismic hazard assessment

“…The 1869 Cachar earthquake is one of the most destructive events occurred in Shilchar (near Sylhet).According to Ambraseys and Douglas (2004), the magnitude was 7.38 Mw. Violent forces damaged walls of cemetery, jails, hospitals with perfect ruin of some(Oldham 1882). The 1885…”