“…Introduced plant species (e.g., gray sallow willow, Salix cinerea ; soft rush, Juncus effusus ) can outcompete and replace native species, altering the vegetation structure (Hughes, 2003; Petitpierre et al, 2016), hydrology (McDougall, 2007), and nutrient balance (DOTE, 2015). Trampling and grazing by introduced hard‐hoofed animals (ungulates) including cows, horses, deer, and pigs cause substantial physical damage to vegetation structure and composition (Cherubin et al, 2019), chemical properties (Duretto, 2018), soils, and hydrology (Good & Johnston, 2019; Robertson et al, 2019; Wahren et al, 2001). Introduced predators such as foxes and cats can kill threatened native animals, including the broad‐toothed rat ( Mastacomys fuscus ) and alpine spiny crayfish ( Eustacus and Engaeus spp.)…”